Estimation of tree growth is generally based on repeated diameter measurements. A buttress at the height of measurement will lead to overestimates of tree diameter. Because buttresses grow up the trunk through time, it has become common practice to increase the height of measurement, to ensure that measurements remain above the buttress. However, tapering of the trunk means that increasing meas...

The paper brings forward ways to solve the problem of estimating trunk diameter using data airborne laser scanning (LIDAR) relevant for forest inventory. At first stage studying, it was defined regularities tree height and relations various species, as well coefficients coupling equations significance “height-diameter” based on field data. second stage, calculated crown parameters (diameter vol...

Compared to other species of tamarins and marmosets, callimicos (Callimico goeldii) are characterized by hindlimb and hindfoot elongation, and a pattern of locomotion dominated by leaping to and from vertical supports in the forest understory. We present field data on trunk-to-trunk leaping in a habituated group of callimicos in northern Bolivia. We measured the DBH of the takeoff and landing p...

BACKGROUND Facial nerve damage during head and neck surgery has long been an important issue. However, few publications on the gross anatomy of the facial nerve are available in the young population. The aim of this study was to provide in vivo measurements of the facial nerve trunk during lymphatic malformation (LM) resection and to determine the association between the trunk width and patient...

A clinical case with rare anomaly: right aortic arch with mirror-image branching of brachiocephalic arteries and aplasia (isolation) of the left brachiocephalic trunk, causing cerebrovascular insufficiency and left arm claudication is described. Despite the clear neurologic manifestations of cerebrovascular insufficiency and absence of the pulse on the left arm, the pathology was not diagnosed ...

In 2017, at the foot of Tlaloc volcano, occurred largest forest fire in State Mexico (2500 ha), with surface and crown (canopy) phases, on plantations various species types vegetation. Studies effects fires trees serve to define mortality whether or not restoration will be required an affected area. The hypothesis was: greater intensity severity smaller size trees, probability mortality. object...

BACKGROUND The microsurgical anatomy of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is of particular interest to the cerebrovascular surgeon. The purpose of this study was to define the microsurgical anatomy of the MCA and its various branches in the Indian population. METHODS Ten MCAs were studied from five cadaveric brain specimens. The authors studied the outer diameter, length, branches, perforators...

INTRODUCTION Left Main Compression Syndrome (LMCS) represents an entity described as the extrinsic compression of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) by a dilated pulmonary artery (PA) trunk. We examined the presence of LMCS in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) using dual-source computed tomography (DSCT), as a non-invasive diagnostic tool. METHODS The following parameters were measu...

The objective of this study was to determine relationship of gestational age with measurement of diameter of head, orbit, trunk, long and short axis of heart, aorta, placentome, umbilical cord and umbilical vein in Korean black goats. In this study, ten pregnant Korean black goats (Capra hircus aegagrus) were used. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed with a 5 MHz linear transducer and ultrasonogr...

To overcome technical difficulties associated with in vivo intraretinal recordings of cat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) with multiple-barreled electrodes, we developed a new guide-trocar system that consisted of a small-diameter and large-diameter pipes. We also improved the method to construct tungsten-in-glass multiple-barreled electrodes suitable for intraretinal recording from RGCs. Only th...