Analysis of the cost of time and material required for the diagnosis of Enterobacteriacea isolates indicated that a conventional 17-tube (20-test) setup costs $7.98 per isolated identified. Using the API 20E, a similar identification cost $3.02. A conventional 7-tube (10-test) setup cost $3.60, whereas the comparable cost by 30% while increasing the number of isolate identified correctly by 3%....

BACKGROUND Thoracostomy tube insertion is one of the common bedside procedures in emergency medicine and many acute specialties. Dislodgement of thoracostomy tube from the connection tube of chest drainage system is an important problem with potential complications such as contamination, infection and pneumothorax. Besides, mere loosening can also lead to malfunction. It is a common practice to...

how to cite this article: talebian a, soltani b, sehat m, zahedi a, noorian a, talebian m. incidence and risk factors of neural tube defects in kashan, central iran. iran j child neurol. summer 2015;9(3):50-56. abstract objective neural tube defects (ntds) are the most common congenital defects of central nervous system due to neural tube closure deficit during the third and fourth weeks of ges...

• absorb any blood, other bodily or external fluids or other material that may seep into the back of the patient’s throat and enter the oesophagus or lungs during surgery in the mouth (oral surgery) • to seal the area around the tracheal tube during provision of general anaesthesia and the surgical procedure, and thus prevent leakage of gases • stabilise the tracheal tube or a supraglottic airw...

BACKGROUND Nasogastric tube insertion may be difficult in anesthetized and intubated patients with head in the neutral position. Several techniques are available for the successful insertion of nasogastric tube. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the difference in the first attempt success rate of different techniques for insertion of nasogastric tube. Secondary aim was to investi...

introduction: during early neural tube formation, the notochord is essential for the induction of ectoderm and for the subsequent differentiation of the neuroepithelium forming diverse cell types in the neural tube. due to the key role of the glycoconjugates in many developmental events, the early distribution of these molecules in early notochordal interaction with adjacent tissues were studie...