A case of borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy with upgrading Type 1 reaction, in a HIV seropositive patient, 7 weeks after starting highly active antiretroviral therapy, as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), is reported.

We report details of 2 patients who had been treated for a long time by dapsone monotherapy and who had remained smear negative for over 10 years, but were found to have relapsed with borderline-tuberculoid (BT) leprosy.

BACKGROUND Patients with localized tuberculoid and generalized lepromatous leprosy show respectively Th1 and Th2 cytokine profile. Additionally, other patients in both types of leprosy also show a non discriminating Th0 cytokine profile with both interferon-γ and IL-4. The present study investigated the role of Th17 cells which appear to be a distinct subtype of Th subtypes in 19 tuberculoid an...

This case study reports on the development of clinical leprosy in a young Caucasian female from a non-endemic country who contracted the disease while living in a leprosy endemic country. In the presentation and discussion, some relevant factors will be reviewed and discussed that may play a role in the transmission, susceptibility and clinical development of the disease.

Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which induces chronic granulomatous infection of the skin and peripheral nerves. The disease ranges from the tuberculoid to the lepromatous forms, depending on the cellular immune response of the host. Chemokines are thought to be involved in the immunopathogenesis of leprosy, but few studies have investigated the expression of chemokine receptors on l...

From a series of 343 nerve biopsies taken by one clinician over a period of 12 years in Nepal, this paper describes the histopathological findings in 153 biopsies from 119 patients suffering from tuberculoid, borderline (dimorphous) or lepromatous leprosy, who were untreated at the time of first presentation and diagnosis. They were taken during the course of other studies, mainly concerned wit...

Leprosy is a spectral disease exhibiting two polar sides, namely, lepromatous leprosy (LL) characterised by impaired T-cell responses and tuberculoid leprosy in which T-cell responses are strong. Proper T-cell activation requires signalling through costimulatory molecules expressed by antigen presenting cells and their ligands on T-cells. We studied the influence of costimulatory molecules on t...

Coexistence of two immunologically diverse forms of leprosy in an individual is very rare. Herein, we report a case of association of borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy with histoid leprosy (HL) in a young immune competent male. He was diagnosed as a case of BT leprosy 10 years ago and now presented with multiple papules and nodules. Histopathological examination of biopsy taken from patch and...