The paper reports preliminary results on Mandarin filled pauses (FPs), based on a large speech corpus of Mandarin telephone conversation. We find that Mandarin intensively uses both demonstratives (zhege ‘this’, nage ‘that’) and uh/ mm as FPs. Demonstratives are more frequent FPs and are more likely to be surrounded by other types of disfluency phenomena than uh/mm, as well as occurring more of...

Recent work on the elements uh and um has focused both their functional profile sociodemographic patterns of use. They have been shown to be more than just a signal some trouble in speech production process; they also perform text structuring functions that are usually ascribed discourse markers. And use stratify according gender, age level education (e.g. Tottie 2011, 2014). However, such not ...

We present an explicit Uh (

Individuals are heterogeneous in many ways. Some of these differences are incorporated as individual states (e.g. age, size, breeding status) in population models. However, substantial amounts of heterogeneity may remain unaccounted for, due to unmeasurable genetic, maternal or environmental factors. Such unobserved heterogeneity (UH) affects the behaviour of heterogeneous cohorts via intra-coh...

We study superconvergence of a semi-discrete finite element scheme for parabolic problem. Our new scheme is based on introducing different approximation of initial condition. First, we give a superconvergence of uh −Rhu, then use a postprocessing to improve the accuracy to higher order.

BACKGROUND There is no gold standard technique for umbilical hernia (UH) repair. Conventional open UH repair often produces an undesirable scar. Laparoscopic UH repair requires multiple incisions beyond the umbilicus, specialized equipments, and expensive tissue separating mesh. We describe our technique of open UH repair utilizing a small incision. The technique was derived from our experience...