The environmental research program of the United States military has set up blind tests for detection and discrimination of unexploded ordnance. One such test consists of measurements taken with the EM-63 sensor at Camp Sibert, AL. We review the performance on the test of a procedure that combines a field-potential (HAP) method to locate targets, the normalized surface magnetic source (NSMS) mo...

Electromagnetic sensors such as ground penetrating radar and electromagnetic induction sensors are among the most widely used methods for the detection of buried land mines and unexploded ordnance. However, the performance of these sensors depends on the dielectric properties of the soil, which in turn are related to soil properties such as texture, bulk density, and water content. To predict t...

rom the detection of buried treasure to the detection of landmines and unexploded ordnance, the history of metal detectors is long and varied. This article reviews the basic technology for detecting metal objects using electromagnetic induction techniques. Working with the U.S. Army Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate and other government agencies, APL has developed a number of adva...

We propose a novel low-cost integrated system prototype able to recognize objects/lifeforms in underwater environments. The has been applied detect unexploded ordnance materials shallow waters. Indeed, small and agile remotely controlled vehicles with cameras can be used bombs waters, more effectively freely than complex, costly heavy equipment, requiring several human operators support boats. ...

Category: Site Characterization Presented at: The UXO/Countermine Forum, September 3-6, 2002, Orlando, Florida ABSTRACT There are different sources of uncertainty attached to UXO site characterization. One of them is associated with prior information regarding locations of ordnance targets, which are used initially for designing sampling schemes. The accuracy of information is then defined by t...

of buried objects. It is designed to detect, locate and retrieve buried objects. The system is equipped with a hydraulic robot, laser range finder and a subsurface sensor. First, subsurface sensing is used to detect and locate buried objects. If an object can be reached with one dig, the excavator retrieves it directly. Otherwise a layer of soil above the object is removed and another subsurfac...

Classification based on shape is central to the problem of discriminating between unexploded ordnance (UXO) and clutter. Most UXO fit a specific profile: they are long and slender with typical length-to-diameter aspect ratios of four or five. Most clutter items, on the other hand, do not fit this profile. Using electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensor data, we present a model-based estimation pro...

An ultra-wideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system is investigated for the detection of former bombing ranges, littered by unexploded ordnance (UXO). The objective is detection of a high enough percentage of surface and shallow-buried UXO, with a low enough false-alarm rate, such that a former range can be detected. The physics of UWB SAR scattering is exploited in the context of a h...

This paper examines the detection of geometric primitives using 2D edge pixels or 3D range points. The geometric primitives are described by parametric equations in the image space. An explicit error model allows the primitives to be extracted robustly, while a hierarchical search of the parameter space with conservative pruning allows the primitives to be located e$ciently. The result is an e$...