Type I interferons (IFNs) are produced by most cells in response to virus infection and stimulate a program of anti-viral gene expression neighboring suppress replication. III IFNs have similar properties, however their effects limited epithelial at mucosal surfaces due restricted the type IFN receptor. Rotavirus (RV) replicates intestinal that respond predominantly IFNs, it has been shown rath...

Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF-4) plays important functions in Band T-cell development and immune response regulation and was originally identified as the product of a proto-oncogene involved in chromosomal translocations in multiple myeloma. Although IRF-4 is expressed in myeloid cells, its function in that lineage is not known. The closely related family member IRF-8 is a critical regula...

IFN regulatory factor-4 (IRF-4) is a transcription factor that is involved in the development and the functions of lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Despite their critical roles in immune system regulation, the target genes controlled by IRF-4 are poorly understood. In this study, we determined the consensus DNA-binding sequences preferred for IRF-4 by in vitro binding site selectio...

Although the bcr-abl translocation has been shown to be the causative genetic aberration in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), there is mounting evidence that the deregulation of other genes, such as the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF-4), is also implicated in the pathogenesis of CML. Promoter methylation of CpG target sites or direct deletions/insertions of genes are mec...

BACKGROUND Interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family members have been implicated as critical transcription factors that function in immune response, hematopoietic differentiation and cell growth regulation. Activation of IRF-5 results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFalpha, IL6 and IL12p40, as well as type I interferons. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study,...

Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF)-2 was originally described as an antagonist of IRF-1-mediated transcriptional regulation of IFN-inducible genes. IRF-1(-/)- mice exhibit defective T helper type 1 (Th1) cell differentiation. We have used experimental leishmaniasis to show that, like IRF-1(-/)- mice, IRF-2(-/)- mice are susceptible to Leishmania major infection due to a defect in Th1 diff...

Transcription factors of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family have a critical role in the activation of interferon (IFN) genes. All cellular IRFs share a region of homology in the amino terminus encompassing a highly conserved DNA binding motif characterized by five tryptophan repeats, but show variability in the carboxy (C-) terminal part of the IRF polypeptides. While some of these I...

Using the properties of local Boltzmann weights integrable interaction-round-a-face (IRF or face) models we express operators in terms generalized transfer matrices. This allows for derivation discrete functional equations reduced density matrices inhomogeneous generalizations these models. We apply to study IRF various solid-on-solid type and quantum chains non-Abelian $\bm{su(2)_3}$ Fibonacci...

Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is a transcription factor that regulates interferon-induced genes and type I interferons. Recently, studies of IRF-1-deficient mice have revealed that IRF-1 regulates the induction of molecules that play important roles in inflammation, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-1 b -converting enzyme (ICE). To study the role of IRF-1 i...

The nuclear transcription factor interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is a putative tumor suppressor, but the expression and function of IRF-1 in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) remain unknown. We hypothesized that IRF-1 expression was reduced or lost in EA and that restoration of IRF-1 would result in the apoptosis of EA cells in vitro and the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Three EA cell...