nowadays, with population growth in urban areas, providing safe water and health is considered basic needs of human, alongside the various pollutants due to urban activities, agriculture and industrial areas on adjacent ranges into urban water resources around the environment is such that study necessary to prevent the pollution of water resources and identification of pollution sources shows. ...

Fecal coliform bacteria cause water quality problems for many urban areas across the United States. The objective of this study is to determine if the Irwin Creek and Sugar Creek wastewater treatment plants, located near Charlotte in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, contribute significantly to the fecal coliform concentrations in the creeks. Fecal coliform densities in the wastewater effluen...

Background: Aminoglycoside antibiotics are widely used in medical centers, particularly to treat infections. The resistance developed against these agents is a huge concern in health care. A number of researchers have reported that hospital and municipal wastewaters are among the most important dissemination sources of these agent into the environment. Some, however, do not agree with this opin...

An increasing diversity of emerging contaminants are entering urban surface water and wastewater, posing unknown risks for the environment. One of the main contemporary challenges in ensuring water quality is to design efficient strategies for minimizing such risks. As a first step in such strategies, it is important to establish the fate and degradation behavior of contaminants prior to any en...

This concluding chapter synthesises results and lessons learned throughout this volume, which deals with the reality of wastewater use in agriculture in developing countries. It then extrapolates from these lessons, to make pragmatic recommendations aimed at protecting both the public health and farmers’ livelihoods. Addressing these lessons in a significant fashion is becoming ever more necess...

This paper presents a review of the current state of the art of real time control (RTC) of urban water systems with emphasis on wastewater and urban drainage issues. The paper provides concise definitions of terms frequently used in the literature. Control options for the transport and treatment systems are discussed. Recent developments of the integration of the complete urban wastewater and d...

Many communities and villages around the world face serious problems with lack of sanitation especially in disposing of the wastewater-black water and grey water from the houses, or wash outs from animal rearing sheds. Across the world diverting wastewater to the surroundings or to the public spaces are not uncommon. This is responsible for contaminating drinking water sources causing health ri...

Exploiting microalgae as feedstock for biofuel production is a growing field of research and application, but there remain challenges related to industrial viability and economic sustainability. A solution to the water requirements of industrial-scale production is the use of wastewater as a growth medium. Considering the variable quality and contaminant loads of wastewater, algal feedstock wou...

This paper shows the real situation about management of water and wastewater in Lebanon and focuses on problems related to urban water pollution released in environment. Water and wastewater infrastructures have been rebuilt since 1992. However, wastewater management still remains one of the greatest challenges facing Lebanese people, since water supply projects have been given priority over wa...