To determine the effect of a low-dose angiotensin receptor blocker, candesartan, on early kidney damage associated with diabetes. Fifty-two patients with type 2 diabetes with normo- and microalbuminuria participated in this study. Nineteen patients with high-normal and mildly high blood pressure received low-dose candesartan cilexetil at 4 mg daily (candesartan group), and 33 patients did not r...

This study evaluated the potential utility of albuminuria as a "biomarker" of acute kidney injury (AKI) and tested whether AKI induces renal expression of the normally silent albumin gene. Urine albumin concentrations were measured in mice with five different AKI models (maleate, ischemia-reperfusion, rhabdomyolysis, endotoxemia, ureteral obstruction). Albumin gene induction in renal cortex, an...

BACKGROUND Clusterin is a glycoprotein which participates in a number of pathophysiological processes in the organism. Information about clusterin use in the diagnosis of nephropathy and the differential diagnosis of proteinuria has been published recently. AIM Search for correlations between urinary clusterin concentration and other renal function markers. Evaluation of urinary clusterin mea...

PURPOSE Kidney Injury Molecule-1 is a protein that increases in urine following tubular damage. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 levels were correlated with the level of chronic kidney disease secondary to diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. METHODS Clinical and laboratory findings of 142 patients with diabetic nephropathy and 34 control subjects were analysed. Creatinine ...

BACKGROUND Microalbuminuria may predict proteinuria and increased mortality in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Early detection of microalbuminuria may therefore be essential. AIM The primary objective of this study was to describe the association between the presence of albuminuria in diabetic patients as detected by general practitioners using conventional reagent strip dipstick tes...

BACKGROUND In order to detect nephropathy, measurement of total (24 hrs) urinary albumin or albumin/creatinin ratio in random urine samples is being recommended. But methods of albumin measurement are not available in all laboratories and also cost about 6 times more than that of urinary total protein measurement. OBJECTIVES This Study was performed to determine appropriate cut off point in 2...

BACKGROUND Microalbuminuria is an early predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, in both diabetic patients and hypertensive patients. Little is known about the relation of microalbuminuria to cardiovascular disease in women of the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS We have studied the relation of urinary albumin levels to cardiovascular mortality in a cohort study of 12 239 p...

We conducted a study among residents of a small community contaminated with heavy metals from a defunct zinc smelter and residents from a comparison community to determine whether biologic measures of cadmium exposure were associated with biomarkers of early kidney damage. Creatinine-adjusted urinary cadmium levels did not differ between the smelter and comparison communities; thus we combined ...

In this communication, we report a simple albumin probe based on a fluorescent molecular rotor for the detection of trace albumin levels in urine. In the presence of albumin, the probe exhibits remarkable 400-fold fluorescence enhancement with high selectivity and sensitivity. The probe was successfully applied in the quantitative detection of urinary albumin.

In the current issue of the Journal, Gansevoort et al. (1) raise concerns about our paper (2) that compared the strengths and weaknesses of the urinary albumin concentration and the albumin:creatinine ratio as alternatives to the ‘‘gold standard’’ 24-hour urinary albumin excretion in the International Study of Macronutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP). In that report, which used albumin excr...