Urethral duplications are extremely rare congenital malformations. The most used classification is that of Effmann and Lebowitz, describing 6 types of urethral duplications. The under type IIA2-Y is one of the most rare duplications corresponding to duplicated urethra originating from the bladder neck and extending toward the ectopic perineal or anal insertion. We here report the case of a 32 y...

Mirabegron is the first drug in a new class of oral therapy for overactive bladder (OAB). It is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist, a class of drugs for the first time used for the treatment of urination disorders. Recently, following many years of rigorous multicenter randomized trials mirabegron has been approved for use in Europe and North America. The clinical indication for mirabegron is overacti...

The aim of this comparative cross-sectional study was to assess neurocognitive impairment, haematological findings, and clinical symptoms of lead exposure among 316 male battery plant workers aged between 20 and 61 years. Compared to 123 matched controls (matching in age and years of work), the exposed workers showed significantly higher mean blood lead level (BLL) and lower haematocrit, haemog...

Underactive bladder (UAB), which has been described as a symptom complex suggestive of detrusor underactivity, is usually characterized by prolonged urination time with or without a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying, usually with hesitancy, reduced sensation on filling, and slow stream often with storage symptoms. Several causes such as aging, bladder outlet obstruction, diabetes mellitu...

Nonrelaxing pelvic floor dysfunction is not widely recognized. Unlike in pelvic floor disorders caused by relaxed muscles (eg, pelvic organ prolapse or urinary incontinence, both of which often are identified readily), women affected by nonrelaxing pelvic floor dysfunction may present with a broad range of nonspecific symptoms. These may include pain and problems with defecation, urination, and...

Background: There is risk of developing bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus) in cases in which early diagnosis and treatment of high bilirubin levels are not available. The follow-up and treatment of neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia are, therefore, important. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and the frequency of urination and stooli...

INTRODUCTION Ginger-salt-indirect moxibustion is widely applied to treat urge urinary incontinence after stroke, which is a common complication in stroke survivors. Moxa cone moxibustion and moxa box moxibustion are the main techniques of ginger-salt-indirect moxibustion. Our previous study had shown that ginger-salt-indirect moxibustion using moxa cones was feasible and effective for urination...