Much attention has been focused lately on the Opportunistic Routing technique (OR) that can overcome restrictions of harsh underwater environment and unique structures Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs). OR enhances performance UWSNs in both packet delivery ratio energy saving. In our work; we propose a new routing protocol; called Energy Efficient Depth-based with Void Avoidance for (EEDOR-VA)...

Nearly 70% of our planet is composed of an aquatic environment, however, due to the lack of appropriate scientific tools and also the relative hostility of the acquatic environment, much of it still remains unexplored. With the advent of global climatic changes, a pronounced energy crisis and changing ecological habitats understanding the oceans of our planet is of vital importance. Monitoring ...

Resource management in Underground Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) is one of the pillars to extend network lifetime. An intriguing design goal for such networks achieve balanced energy and spectral resource utilization. This paper focuses on optimizing efficiency UWSNs where underground relay nodes amplify forward sensed data, received from buried source through a lossy soil medium, abovegroun...

In this paper, we devise and evaluate a new Grid-Based Priority Routing (GBPR) protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). GBPR utilizes a 3D logical grid view of the monitored area to deliver data packets to sink nodes. Particularly, data packets are forwarded on a cell-by-cell-basis using elected sensor nodes called cell-heads. The unique feature in GBPR is the classification of...

Data collection in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) using autonomous vehicles (AUVs) is a more robust solution than traditional approaches, instead of transmitting data from each node to destination node. However, the design delay-aware and energy-efficient path planning for AUVs one most crucial problems collecting UWSNs. To reduce network delay increase lifetime, we proposed novel ...

The research on underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) has grown considerably in recent years where the main focus remains to develop a reliable communication protocol overcome its challenges between various sensing devices. purpose of UWSNs is provide low cost and an unmanned data collection system for range applications such as offshore exploration, pollution monitoring, oil gas pipeline...

The use of sensor networks in aquatic environments has been quite limited, partially due to the harsh underwater environments and associated high system costs. Nevertheless, cost-effective and resource-efficient Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) will bring significant benefits to numerous aquatic applications. The unique properties of underwater environments raise many new challenges ...