Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal disorder in woman in child bearing age associated with adverse outcomes including preterm birth and acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases and pelvic inflammatory disease. This condition is highly unfavorable and causes severe complications related to reproductive system of women. According to literature reports, it has affected 10%-20% of Cauc...

OBJECTIVE Metronidazole vaginal gel (MVG) 0.75% is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved, 5-day treatment for bacterial vaginosis (BV). This study tested the hypothesis that a shorter treatment course at a higher dose (MVG 1.3%) would yield similar efficacy to 5 days of MVG 0.75%. MATERIALS AND METHODS This phase 2, multicenter, randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded, dose-ranging ...

The increasing number of breast cancer patients who suffer from menopausal symptoms is mainly due to the extensive use of adjuvant treatments in the younger women. Both short and long-term side effects of oestrogen deficiency may severely impact on the quality of life of these women and should not be underestimated. Hormonal treatments are contraindicated in breast cancer survivors mainly due t...

the results of this study and the knowledge gained from more than a decade of randomized trials of non-oxynol-9 as a vaginal microbicide, it is time to move on. Women at risk for STIs such as chlamydia and gonorrhea are often also at risk for HIV-1. In practical terms, a vaginal microbicide must have no risk of increasing HIV-1 incidence before it can be introduced as a microbicide for other ST...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of symptomatic vaginal candidiasis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-seropositive women attending a gynaecologic outpatient clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). DESIGN Vaginal, rectal and oral specimens from cases and controls were cultured for Candida spp. SUBJECTS Eighty-four consecutive HIV-seropositi...

Background. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with increased risk of obstetrical and gynecologic complications and acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases. Despite this, very little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease. Methods. Interleukin (lL)-II3, tumor necrosis factor-a, IL-6, and IL-8 concentrations in vaginal wash and serum samples from women with normal flora, interm...

The vaginal mucosa can be colonized by many bacteria including commensal organisms and potential pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Some strains of S. aureus produce the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, which can penetrate the vaginal epithelium to cause toxic shock syndrome. We have observed that a female was mono-colonized with Enterococcus faecalis vaginally as tested in aer...