Introduction: Protein-protein interaction is one of the most important subjects in molecular biology [1]. Bioassays have been developed to detect and quantify the biomolecular interactions with high sensitivity. There are two general categories of techniques: labelling with compounds and direct molecule identification. Label-free biosensor technologies are among the latter, which are desirable ...

Based on the spiking dynamics of electrically controlled vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with an embedded saturable absorber (VCSEL-SA), we propose image transmission system using two unidirectionally coupled VCSEL-SAs and numerically investigate binary-to-spike (BTS) conversation characteristics performance. The simulation results show that, through injecting binary data to VCSEL-SA, BT...

This chapter aims at highlighting the influence of the electrical access of different kinds of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) (Rissons & Mollier, 2009). By presenting an overview of electrical equivalent circuit modeling and characterization for the VCSEL chip, based on the Scattering parameters, an overview of the VCSEL performance is given in order to provide a good knowledge ...

A cryogenic packaged vertical-cavity-surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with microwave input and coupled OM4 fiber for optical output was developed demonstrated operation from 295 to 2.9 K. Record K data links of 100 Gbps pulsed amplitude modulation 4-level have been an energy per bit ∼153.4 fJ/bit when TDECQ = 3.79 dB. The energy/bit is limited by the link path bandwidth resulted cable loss VCSEL ...

Results of a preliminary study to evaluate the feasibility of optical telemetry on an EM launched projectile are discussed. At issue are the relative intensities of the optical noise received in the MCL catch tank from the muzzle flash versus the narrowband optical signal levels generated from tiny emitters onboard a projectile after being launched in the MCL. Two narrowband optical signal emit...

Frequency-domain photon migration (FDPM) uses modulated laser light to measure the bulk optical properties of turbid media and is increasingly applied for noninvasive functional medical imaging in the near-infrared. Although semiconductor edge-emitting laser diodes have been traditionally used as miniature light sources for this application, we show that vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers ...

The experimental optical interconnection module of the Free-Space Accelerator for Switching Terabit Networks (FAST-Net) project is described and characterized. Four two-dimensional (2-D) arrays of monolithically integrated vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL's) and photodetectors (PD's) were designed, fabricated, and incorporated into a folded optical system that links a 10 cm x 10 c...

We study the transversemode selection of aweakly index-guided vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), based on an extension of the model of Valle et al. [Opt. Commun. 115 (1995) 297]. In the model we incorporate carrier capture and escape processes between the separate confinement heterostructure (SCH) layer and the quantum well (QW) active region of a VCSEL. These effects are character...

VCSEL-based lidar solutions can accelerate the adoption of ADAS – and ultimately, fully autonomous vehicles by providing higher performance, greater efficiency, increased accuracy, reliability at a lower cost, compared to existing systems. The flexibility VCSEL technology makes these systems suitable for 3D sensing applications throughout car, including in-cabin sensing, short-range (<1 m), lon...