nowadays, using public transportation vehicles like metro in large cities are of significance, and exposure to whole-body vibration for the metro passengers is one of the physical contaminations. this paper is conducted with the aim of evaluating the passengers’ convenience and health both in sitting and standing conditions. the present study was done on the passengers of lines 1, 2, and 4 of t...

-In present days, automobile industries are rapidly increased. All the automobile industries are in the process of supplying the vehicles at low cost. The major cost of the automobile components is its body parts. As per the European Union and Asian countries automotive components end life is very important factor in the design of the automotive. So everybody is concentrating on new materials w...

INTRODUCTION Use of lead acid battery (LAB) in Bangladesh has risen with sharp rise of motor vehicles. As result, manufacture of LAB is increasing. Most of the lead used by these industries comes from recycling of LAB. Workers in LAB industry are at risk of exposure lead and thus development of lead toxicity. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to measure the blood lead concentration an...

Air pollution studies for hazardous gases in Taiwan generally consider the impact on the human body, and always put the emphasis on large immobile and mobile pollution sources (like chimneys and vehicles), but they have ignore the leakage between pipelines in process industries. When hazardous materials leak imperceptibly, they increase the pathogenic risk to the workers at the workplace. Since...

In this paper, we study the location routing problem with replenishment facilities (LRPRF), an extension of the location routing problem (LRP) where the vehicles can replenish at some replenishment facilities. Vehicles leave the depot with load on-board, serve customers until out of load, and then either return to a replenishment facility to reload or return to the depot, completing their route...

Traffic is one of the main sources of air pollution in metropolitan areas. With development of transportation system, inappropriate vehicle production, and the use of low-quality fuels, increased pollution in these areas is inevitable. The current study tries to determine PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO emission dispersion, caused by traffic, using CALINE4 software. Ac...

VCSELs, which emit from the planar surface of the wafer rather than from the cleaved end facets, have been extensively investigated over the last years. The main advantages of these devices over the conventional edge-emitting lasers lie in their spatial and spectral output properties as well as manufacturing, testing, and packaging at lower cost. Because of their suitability for monolithic inte...

Predictive maintenance is becoming more and more important in many industries, especially taking into account the increasing focus on offering uptime guarantees to the customers. However, in automotive industry, there is a limitation on the engineering effort and sensor capabilities available for that purpose. Luckily, it has recently become feasible to analyse large amounts of data on-board ve...

In 2009 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that there were 33 million licensed drivers 65 years and older in the U.S. This represents a 23 percent increase from 1999, a number that is predicted to double by 2030. Although motor vehicle collisions related to emergency department visits for older adults are lower per capita than for younger adults, the older-adults MVCs requi...