BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aspiration of secretions containing bacterial pathogens into the lower respiratory tract is the main cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Endotracheal tubes with subglottic secretion drainage can potentially reduce this and, therefore, the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. New evidence on subglottic secretion drainage as a preventive measure for ventilato...

background: ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is a type of nosocomial pneumonia which develops more than 48 hours after endotracheal intubation. early recognition and treatment of vap is important, since timely and appropriate management can be lifesaving. objectives: this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of microorganisms causing vap in the intensive care u...

background ventilator- associated pneumonia (vap) continues to complicate the course of 8-28 % patients receiving mechanical ventilation. the mortality rate for vap is high, ranges from 24-50% and can reach 76% in some specific settings or when lung infection is caused by high risk pathogens. the etiologic agents widely differ according to the population of patients in an intensive care unit, d...

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background: ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is the most prevalent and lethal form of nosocomial infections in the icu and oral disinfection is a nursing measure to prevent this condition. aim: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of oronasal versus oral disinfections with chlorhexidine on the clinical criteria for diagnosis of vap. method: this randomized clinical trial was conducted o...

Obstruction of the large and small airways occurs in several diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and bronchiolitis. This article discusses the role of ventilator waveforms in the context of factors that contribute to the development of respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress in patients with obstructive lung disease. Dis...

During mechanical ventilation, the respiratory system is under the influence of two pumps, the ventilator pump and the patient's own respiratory muscles. Depending on the mode of mechanical ventilatory support, ventilation may be totally controlled by the ventilator or may be determined by the interaction between patient respiratory effort and ventilator function. In either case, compared to sp...

BACKGROUND Patients who are ventilator dependent as a result of combined cervical spinal cord injury and phrenic nerve lesions are generally considered to be unsuitable candidates for diaphragmatic pacing due to loss of phrenic nerve integrity and denervation of the diaphragm. There is limited data regarding efficacy of simultaneous nerve transfers and diaphragmatic pacemakers in the treatment ...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation (PTV) via a jet ventilator (PTJV) is considered a rescue technique in difficult airway management. However, whether a conventional ventilator can generate adequate ventilation via PTV is not known. Our goal was to evaluate the tidal volume (V(T)) generated by a conventional ventilator during simulated PTV compared with PTJV in a lung model. ME...