Recent research on the role of quasi-democratic institutions in non-democratic regimes finds differential effects of legislatures on economic performance and regime stability across subtypes of non-democracy. This empirically observed variation has however remained a “black box” lacking a micro-theoretical foundation. This paper helps bridge this gap by proposing a theory of two types of non-ru...

there are a good number of historical verses in the holy quran which relate to circumstances of descending ere as well as events occurred in early islam whose understanding is in need of reference to history, especially that of early islam. that is why consideration of history of early islam is of great necessity and importance in the quranic exegesis. in fact, knowledge of events occurred in e...

medicine is the science that has great religious value and its importance has been emphasized. the holy quran in many verses has proposed the issue of body and soul sanitary and treatment. some of the quran verses have considered the issue of prevention and treatment of diseases of the human body, and other categories, have discussed the prevention, and treatment of mental illnesses. using vers...