This paper exploits the multi-tiered structure of personal income taxation in Italy to investigate within-tier (horizontal) and between-tiers (vertical diagonal) fiscal externalities. Estimation an unrestricted tax reaction function on municipalities located at internal regional borders using o¤-border Wald-type grouping variables as well staggered schedule mayoral elections instruments for end...

We consider the approximate solution of the initial value problem du du , .. . . _ = _ „(*,0) = »(*), by a dissipative Galerkin method. When v is taken to have a jump discontinuity at zero, that discontinuity will propagate along x + t = 0, in the true solution u. Estimates in L^ and Lx of the pollution effects of the discontinuity are found. These estimates show those effects to decay exponent...

We derive in algebraic form the displacement and stress fields produced by a triangular element of constant slip by superposing the solution of Comninou and Dundurs (1975) for an angular dislocation in an elastic half-space. Triangular elements are more flexible for simulating complex geometries than the rectangular elements widely used for modeling slip zones as a superposition of constant sli...

In epidemiology, the regression discontinuity design has received increasing attention recently and might be an alternative to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate treatment effects. In regression discontinuity, treatment is assigned above a certain threshold of an assignment variable for which the treatment effect is adjusted in the analysis. We performed simulations and a validatio...

Background Cerebral electrical activity in extremely preterm infants is affected by various factors including blood gas and circulatory parameters. Objective To investigate whether continuously measured invasive mean arterial blood pressure (BP) is associated with electroencephalographic (EEG) discontinuity in extremely preterm infants. Study design This prospective observational study exam...

S U M M A R Y We develop a generic method to appraise the reliability of wavefield imaging methods and use it to validate some novel observations on the 410-km discontinuity. The core concept of the error appraisal method is to produce a simulated data set that replicates the geometry of the real data. Here we implemented two simulation methods: (1) flat layer primary P to S conversions, and (2...

We have derived an analytical expression in the wavenumber domain for calculating the gravity anomaly caused by an exponential density contrast model for an interface (Xia and Sprowl, 1990), above which the density contrast changes exponentially with depth. Constant density contrast and a linear density contrast are specific cases of the exponential density contrast model. The formula should be...

This paper deals with the handling of deformable linear objects (DLOs), such as hoses, wires, or leaf springs. It investigates usable features for the visionbased detection of a changing contact situation between a DLO and a rigid polyhedral obstacle and a classification of such contact state transitions. The result is a complete classification of contact state transitions and of the most signi...

Given a theory T extending that of dense linear orders without endpoints (DLO), in a language L ⊇ {<}, we are interested in extensions T ′ of T in languages extending L by unary relation symbols that are each interpreted in models of T ′ as sets that are both dense and codense in the underlying sets of the models. There is a canonically “wild” example, namely, T = Th(〈R, <,+, ·〉) and T ′ = Th(〈...

E.G. Beek, 1991. Spatial interpolation of daily meteorological data; theoretical evaluation of available techniques. Wageningen (The Netherlands), DLO The Winand Staring Centre. Report 53.1.44 pp.; 13 Figs; 1 Table; 20 Refs. In agromcteorological crop yield models meteorological values at not observed points have to be obtained by means of interpolation techniques. In this study, interpolation ...