The Biolog technique was introduced into ecological studies to estimate metabolic potential of microbial communities. while utilizing carbon substrates (95 or 31x3, depending on the plate type), microbes reduce a colourless dye to violet formazan. The colour is measured spectrophotometrically. This is a rapid and quite convenient method but it has many drawbacks – for example, only microbes tha...

The synthesis, IR , P NMR and cyclic voltammetry characterizations of a new WellsDawson-type heteropolyanions which contains iron HFe2.5P2W18O62, 23H2O and HFe2.5P2W12Mo6O62, 22 H2O are reported. The catalytic activity of these compounds was evaluated through the oxidation of methyl violet dye, by hydrogen peroxide. The influence of different parameters such as the initial pH, the initial H2O2 ...

We used a colour-space model of avian vision to assess whether a distinctive bird pollination syndrome exists for floral colour among Australian angiosperms. We also used a novel phylogenetically based method to assess whether such a syndrome represents a significant degree of convergent evolution. About half of the 80 species in our sample that attract nectarivorous birds had floral colours in...

A simple method for organically modifying a natural acid clay (Japanese clay) rapidly with alkylamine has been developed. Japanese mainly consists of acidic montmorillonite and was successfully modified decylamine in water at room temperature short time period (10 min) using an ultrasonic bath without any pretreatments. The structure the changed from exterior surface modification to intercalati...

The betaine l,4-dim ethyl-3 ,6-dioxo-l,2 ,4 ,5-tetraz in -l-ium -5(4H )-id (1) im presses by its deep blue colour which is quite unusual for a simple six-membered ring betaine (in dioxane: Amax (log e) = 603 (3.49), 571 (3.50), 227 nm (4.23)) [1], In acidic solu­ tion 1 is p ro tonated ; it dissolves in weak acids, e. g. in H C O O H , with red colour (m onoprotonated form 2; 524 nm (3.56)) and...

Methyl violet solution has particular color and mostly used to coloring in textiles industry traditional cloth making. The liquid wastes containing this can be reduces or removed by several methods, one of which is adsorption using carbon as an adsorbent. chocoa plant abundant Indonesia while its fruit consists 60.67% lignin, 36.47% selulosa 18.90% hemiselulosa [1]. Hartono et al. [2 &3] re...