The authors report clinical features of ocular manifestations in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), those that affect the visual sensory system and those that affect the ocular motor system. Disturbances of visual sensory function may precede, manifest coincidentally or follow the neurologic manifestations. Visual disturbances are common in MS and often a result of acute demyelinating optic...

There are several methods for presbyopia treatment. Refractive lens exchange (RLE) followed by multifocal intraocular lens (MFIOL) implantation enables high rate of spectacle independence but have some visual disturbances. Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) monovision gives patient ability to have good distant vision with dominant eye and good near vision with nondominant eye. In this prospec...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a condition characterised by headache, confusion, seizures and visual disturbances. This can occur in high blood pressure and eclampsia. Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard. Usually the symptoms tend to resolve after a period of time. It was fi rst described by Hinchey in 1996. We had a 22-years-old primi that has delivered a caesarean...

Angiomatous tumours causing visual disturbances are well known (Reese, 1963). The tumour may be isolated (mainly in the orbit and choroid), or it may be a manifestation of von Hippel's disease (in the retina and on the optic disc), Sturge-Weber's disease (in the choroid and intracranial), or Coats's disease (in the retina). Angiomatous tumours of the optic nerve are extremely rare. This communi...

The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the relevance of both visual-evoked potentials (VEP) and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) to evaluate unexplained visual loss. Seventy-two consecutive patients (1996-2002) with visual disturbances of unknown origin underwent both VEP and mfERG (ISCEV standard). The mean age was 42.4 years (11.8-74.5) and median visual acuity 0.5 (no...

multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of central nervous system.women are more susceptible to this disease. one of the obvious clinical complaints in women with multiple sclerosis specially treated with beta interferones is menstrual cycle irregularity. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of menstrual irregularities and probable changes in blood levels of relate...