The pathophysiological mechanisms of weaning from mechanical ventilation are not fully known, but there is accumulating evidence that mechanical ventilation induces inspiratory muscle dysfunction. Recently, several animal models have provided potential mechanisms for mechanical ventilation-induced effects on muscle function. In patients, weaning difficulties are associated with inspiratory musc...

We thought that the rate of postoperative pulmonary complications might be higher after pressure-controlled ventilation than after volume-controlled ventilation. We analysed peri-operative data recorded for 109,360 adults, whose lungs were mechanically ventilated during surgery at three hospitals in Massachusetts, USA. We used multivariable regression and propensity score matching. Postoperativ...

Abstract: Background There has been an exponential increase in modes of mechanical ventilation over the last couple decades. With this increase, there have paucity evidence which mode is superior to others or much guidance use a different disease status causing respiratory failure. Methods: An international survey six questions was posted on “society ventilation” website and advertised social m...

Saline lavage of the lungs of eight anaesthetized New Zealand White rabbits was performed to produce a surfactant-depletion model of the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. A characteristic change in the shape of the pressure-volume curve occurred, with the appearance of an inflection point on the inspiratory limb. The animals were treated with high frequency oscillation (HFO) at 15 Hz and ...

Assisted mechanical ventilation (MV) may be a favorable alternative to controlled MV at the early phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), since it requires less sedation, no paralysis and is associated with less hemodynamic deterioration, better distal organ perfusion, and lung protection, thus reducing the risk of ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI). In the present review, we...

Although life-saving, mechanical ventilation is associated with numerous complications. These include pneumonia, cardiovascular compromise, barotrauma, and ventilator-induced lung injury. Recent data from animal studies suggest that controlled mechanical ventilation can cause dysfunction of the diaphragm, decreasing its force-generating capacity--a condition referred to as ventilator-induced di...

BACKGROUND It is uncertain whether lung-protective mechanical ventilation using low tidal volumes should be used in all critically ill patients, irrespective of the presence of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A low tidal volume strategy includes use of higher respiratory rates, which could be associated with increased sedation needs, a higher incidence of delirium, and an increa...

the effect of chair position on respiratory parameters in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation     fallahinia ghh [1] ,baghcheghi n [2] ,oshvandi kh [3] *,taher a [4] , soltanian ar [5]     received: 7 feb, 2013 accepted: 15 may, 2013    abstract  background & aims : there are many barriers to the movement of patients requiring mechanical ventilation and these patients are at risk for com...

BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation and concomitant administration of hyperoxia in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome can damage the alveolar epithelial and capillary endothelial barrier by producing inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. The Src tyrosine kinase and Smad3 are crucial inflammatory regulators used for ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The mechanisms...