children, similar to adults, are required to fast before general anesthesia in order to reduce  the volume and acidity of stomach contents. it is thought that npo regulations reduce the risk of regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents during surgery. recent developments have encouraged a shift from the standard 'nil by mouth from midnight' fasting policy to more relaxed regime...

The article contains a review material on the level of microbial contamination milk-carrying sections transport system 2ADS-N (milk pipeline), Merry-go-round, Herringbone and Parallel milking plants.
 differences in bacterial surfaces components parts contact with milk, depending volume structural features types materials used for their production, have been noted.
 critical limits id...

Bovine Mastitis is a common disease entity of dairy cows, accompanied by physical, chemical, pathological and bacteriological changes in milk and glandular tissue (Samad, 2008). It is a harmful disease affecting the dairy industry worldwide and is a matter of great concern for leading milk producing country like India because of the losses incurred due to high morbidity, discarded milk, treatme...

Breast milk is the normal way to feed infants and is accepted worldwide as the optimal first source of nutrition. Though the majority intend to breastfeed, many mothers of sick, hospitalized newborns, particularly those of very low birth weight, are unable to provide a full volume of milk due to numerous physical and emotional barriers to breastfeeding. This vulnerable population of infants may...

Milk is one of the most affordable source of many nutritions like proteins and vitamins. Many people do not like to consume milk in its liquid form. Therefore, there are several products which are made out milk called as Dairy Products, which preserve the nutritive values of milk and makes it easily acceptable to consumers. One such class of products, is the fermented dairy products. In India t...

Faster weight gain early in infancy may contribute to a greater risk of later obesity in formula-fed compared to breast-fed infants. One potential explanation for the difference in weight gain is higher macronutrient intake in formula-fed infants during the first weeks of life. A systematic review was conducted using Medline to assess the macronutrient and energy content plus volume of intake i...

Kalakand was prepared from buffalo milk (standardized with 6 per cent fat and 9 SNF) constant level of sugar (6 by volume milk) different levels kinnow juice (10, 15, 20 25 part vol. milk). It observed that the overall acceptability score for treatment T1, T2, T3, T4 T5 were 8.31, 8.37, 8.54, 8.19 7.83 respectively. As in kalakand increases also upto thereafter it decreased. The (T3) comprises ...