ELECT A new variable step-size sign subband adaptive filter (VSS-SSAF), not requiring any a priori information, is proposed by minimising the l1-norm of the subband a posteriori error under a box-constraint on the step-size. In addition, an efficient numerical procedure for updating its VSS is introduced to solve the non-differentiable convex problem. The proposed algorithm provides comparable ...

This paper presents a visual secret sharing (VSS) scheme for general access structures by using random grids. Compared to the existing VSS schemes for general access structures, the proposed scheme generates the shares of same size as that of the original secret image and does not require any codebook prior to encryption process. With these advantages, the proposed scheme broadens the potential...

Protective monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of species of the family Chlamydiaceae, which is the primary vaccine candidate antigen, recognize nonlinear epitopes conferred by the oligomeric conformation of the molecule. Protective MAbs failed to recognize oligomeric MOMP of the variant strain LLG, which bears amino acid substitutions in variable segments (V...

In this paper, we investigate how to achieve verifiable secret sharing (VSS) schemes by using the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). We first show that two schemes proposed earlier are not secure by an attack where the dealer is able to distribute inconsistent shares to the users. Then we propose a new VSS scheme based on the CRT and prove its security. Using the proposed VSS scheme, we develop a...

Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are the most common tumours of the cerebellopontine angle. Ninety-five percent of people with VS present with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL); the mechanism of this SNHL is currently unknown. To establish the first model to study the role of VS-secreted factors in causing SNHL, murine cochlear explant cultures were treated with human tumour secretions from thirtee...

The effects of initial solid concentration and microwave irradiation (MWI) time on the hydrolysis of waste activated sludge (WAS) were investigated. MWI time strongly influenced WAS hydrolysis for all initial solid concentrations of 8.20, 31.51, and 52.88 g VSS/L. For all WAS, the volatile suspended solids (VSS) solubilization degree ranged from 35.6% to 38.4% during a total MWI time of 10 min....

A simple technique to determine biomass concentration as chemical oxygen demand (COD) was developed as an alternative to the standard volatile suspended solid (VSS) method. The proposed technique for biomass measurement as COD is based on the determination of the biomass COD (COD B ) as the difference between total COD (COD T ) and the soluble COD (COD S ) of the sample. The obtained results sh...

Plant vacuoles have multiple functions: they can act both as digestive organelles and as receptacles for storage proteins. Different types of vacuoles can coexist in the same cell, which adds complexity to the process of targeting to these compartments. A fuller understanding of this process is of evident value when endeavouring to exploit the plant secretory pathway for heterologous protein pr...

A new type of secret sharing scheme [2] called VSS scheme, was first introduced by Naor and Shamir in 1994. The key features of the VSS scheme are that encodes a secret image is encoded into shadow images (called shares) and the decoder does not need knowledge of cryptography or cryptographic computations, but only the “eyes” of a human being. To decrypt the secret image, the reader should copy...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There are 2 basic principles in cemented stem fixation: shape-closed and force-closed. We investigated 2 shape-closed straight stems, the Müller (MSS) and the Virtec (VSS), which differ only in geometrical cross section, to determine whether the difference in stem shape would affect the radiological results or long-term survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included 711 hip...