The uninterrupted performance of the infrastructure systems a community is essential to its welfare and prosperity. Infrastructure assets are continuously subject degradation, which can compromise their increase seismic vulnerability. Measures such as retrofits should be adopted ensure assets. Proper timing these interventions reduce total costs incurred by communities. To this end, an appropri...

We compare two prioritization schemes for the components of flooding vulnerability: urbanized area ration, literacy rate, mortality rate, poverty, radio/tv penetration, non-structural measures and structural measure. We prioritize the components, giving each a weight. We then express the vulnerability function as a weighted sum of its components. This weighted sum serves as the fitness function...

We present a novel approach for analysing the propagation of data errors in software. The concept of error permeability is introduced as a basic measure upon which we define a set of related measures. These measures guide us in the process of analysing the vulnerability of software to find the modules that are most likely exposed to propagating errors. Based on the analysis performed with error...

Quantitative and qualitative monitoring and evaluation of risk management programs will play an important role in the development of Tehran metropolitan railway transport. Considering the tectonic studies, seismic zones, land degradation and faults in north and south of Tehran, the development of underground railway lines, the assessment of the vulnerability of subway stations and the escalatio...

We present a novel approach to analysing the propagation of data errors in software. The concept of Error Permeability is introduced as a basic measure upon which we define a set of related measures. These measures guide us in the process of analysing the vulnerability of software to find the modules that are most likely exposed to propagating errors. Based on the analysis performed with error ...

In many agricultural countries, development of rural livelihood through increasing capital is a major regional policy to adapt to climate change. However, the role of livelihood capital in reducing climatic vulnerability is uncertain. This study assesses vulnerability and identifies the effects of common capital indicators on it, using Australian wheat as an example. We calculate exposure (a cl...

OBJECTIVE To determine the extent to which parental perceptions of child vulnerability predict school and social adjustment in children with chronic illness. METHODS Sixty-nine child-parent dyads were recruited from pediatric rheumatology and pulmonary clinics. Parents completed a self-report measure of parental perceptions of child vulnerability. Children completed measures of social adjustm...

health insecurity has emerged as a major concern among health policy-makers particularly in low- and middle-income countries (lmics). it includes the inability to secure adequate healthcare today and the risk of being unable to do so in the future as well as impoverishing healthcare expenditure. the increasing health insecurity among 150 million of the world’s poor has moved social protection i...

BACKGROUND Avian influenza (AI) is a public health challenge because of ongoing spread and pandemic potential. Non-pharmaceutical measures are important to prevent the spread of AI and to contain a pandemic. The effectiveness of such measures is largely dependent on the behaviour of the population. Risk perception is a central element in changing behaviour. This study aimed to investigate perce...