Many developing countries including Pakistan face the problem of trade deficit. These countries use various measures to improve the trade balance. One of the components is devaluation of domestic currency. The purpose of this paper is to find whether the devaluation using REER is effective in improving the trade balance in Pakistan or not. The bound testing approach of ARDL is used to estimate ...

This paper employs the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds methodological approach to investigate the relationship between economic growth, combustible renewables and waste consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and international tourism for the case of Tunisia spanning the period 1990-2010. The results from the Fisher statistic of both the Wald test and the Johansen test confirm...

Abstract This study extends the monetary model of exchange rate by incorporating news-based domestic and US economic policy uncertainties (EPUs). We consider 12 developed developing economies use monthly data covering 2000:M1 to 2017:M2. The extended is estimated panel quantile regression Machado Santos Silva (2019) Pesaran (2006) common correlated effects within linear nonlinear ARDL framework...

This study was an attemptto provide detailed information of the strengths and weaknesses of test takers‟ real ability through cognitive diagnostic assessment, and to detect differential item functioning in each test item. The rationale for using CDA was that it estimates an item‟s discrimination power, whereas clas- sical test theory or item response theory depicts between rather within item mu...

The generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach is widely used in regression analyses with correlated response data. Under mild conditions, the resulting regression coefficient estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal with its variance being consistently estimated by the so-called sandwich estimator. Statistical inference is thus accomplished by using the asymptotic Wald chi-squared...

Tests of causality in variance in multiple time series have been proposed recently, based on residuals of estimated univariate models. Although such tests are applied frequently little is known about their power properties. In this paper we show that a convenient alternative to residual based testing is to specify a multivariate volatility model, such as multivariate GARCH (or BEKK), and constr...

Nonlinear mixed effects models allow investigating individual differences in drug concentration profiles (pharmacokinetics) and responses. Pharmacogenetics focuses on the genetic component of this variability. Two tests often used to detect a gene effect on a pharmacokinetic parameter are (1) the Wald test, assessing whether estimates for the gene effect are significantly different from 0 and (...

The modern workplace had dramatically changed because the nature of work, workforce and work relations changed; hence, changes in needs industries. aim this study was to examine relationship between Nigerian industries factor inputs that formed with keen on Technical Vocational Education Training. Using Central Bank Nigeria Data, Vector Autoregression used test among series yearly output all se...

This study investigates the long-run equilibrium relationship between Suisse stock market (SSM) prices and a set of macroeconomic variables (inflation, interest rate, exchange rate) using Monthly data for period 1999:1 to 2018:4. Different specifications tests will be carried out, namely unit root (ADF PP), Vector Auto Regression (VAR) select optimal lag length Granger causality Toda Yamamoto (...