Airmen unload boxes of MREs (Meals Ready To Eat) for victims of Hurricane Marilyn. The hurricane hit the US Virgin Islands in September 1995. The role of military organizations in operations other than war is long and distinguished. As the issue of homeland defense evolves, it is likely that the mission of both Active and Reserve Component units will encompass some of the new challenges the Uni...

Some volunteer surgeons may be interested in providing care for civilian victims of war in developing countries. More commonly, volunteers will be increasingly confronted with nonintentional acute and chronic trauma cases, mostly from road traffic accidents. On rare occasions, they might even participate in the relief and reconstruction efforts after natural disasters. There are significant dif...

According to the definition of torture by the U.N., 1 torture is defined as " the intentional infliction of severe mental or physical pain or suffering by or with the consent of the state authorities for a specific purpose ". In the literature, specific groups are mentioned as victims of torture, such as political , religious, or ethnic groups. In detail, it includes groups that challenge gover...

Iraq has used extensively chemical warfare agents in recent Iran-Iraq conflict (1980-1988) and it is believed about 450,000 people were exposed to this agents. Long-term effects of chemical warfare agents, particularly mustard gas, on pulmonary function tests (PFT) (VC, FEV1 , FVC, FEV/FVC, PEF, MEF50%, MEF25%, MEF25-75% , ERC and IC) are estimated during 7.7 [standard deviation (SD)=l.2] years...

After the outbreak of war in Europe 1914, British government’s call to arms caused a moral and religious dilemma for members Religious Society Friends (Friends or Quakers), whose fundamental principle was (and is) rejection violence. Many sought means reconciling their duty God with country, prospect helping alleviate suffering civilian victims fighting provided them an acceptable alternative. ...

This article explores how disabled war veterans received preferential treatment by Federal German social and welfare politics in the first two decades after Second World War. Based on case of their ‘sacrifice for fatherland’, were entitled to a generosity not experienced persons since birth, an accident or illness. Powerful victims’ associations successfully lobbied parliament architects labour...

Cada vez hay más consenso y acción en torno a la reparación de las víctimas conflictos armados. En esta materia, surge un estándar internacional reparaciones (EIR) como una lista medidas seguir, ya sea parte obligaciones legales o mejores prácticas. Aunque norma encarna mensaje redundante emitido tratados internacionales el derecho consuetudinario internacional, es tanto llamado partes conflict...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 introduction : during iran-iraq war, iraqi troops used chemical weapons especially sulfur mustard (sm) gas against the iranian soldiers several times. results of previous studies and observations have all emphasized that chemical weapons pose hazardous effects on different human organs such as lungs, skin, hematopoietic ti...