formation of non bonded organic layer around inorganic particles like iron sulfide and zeolites, was hypothesized as starting point for one of the possible mechanisms of the origin of life on earth. in this study, the general circumstances needed for creation of such organic layer was investigated. an aliphatic hydrocarbon (hexane), an aromatic hydrocarbon (toluene), an alcohol (n-octanol) and ...

We have explored the direct and indirect radiative effects on climate of organic particles likely to have been present on early Earth by measuring their hygroscopicity and cloud nucleating ability. The early Earth analog aerosol particles were generated via ultraviolet photolysis of an early Earth analog gas mixture, which was designed to mimic possible atmospheric conditions before the rise of...

over the past years, lake water levels have decreased considerably by various factors and the subsequent emergence of salt plain has brought disastrous consequences that need an essential action. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of drying up and increasing lake water salt and landsat satellite images were used during different time periods in 9 years. to identify the new a...

It has been a long lasting interest to understand the laws that underlie water movement on Earth with the purpose to control it and make use of it. It is now recognized that water is not exclusive to the Earth but, rather, is a major constituent of the matter in the universe and may be a proxy for life in other planets as well. In this paper, we reflect on the need to expand the boundaries of t...

water is a very important vital resource for all living organisms. a world without water can not be imagined. however the world is running out of its most precious resource. water resources must be protected completely before the end of life on earth, so today management of water resources has become the main agenda topic globally. effective protection can be provided by sustainable water manag...

Short-interval water level measurements using automatic water level recorder in a deep well in an unconfined crystalline rock aquifer at the campus of NGRI, near Hyderabad shows a cyclic fluctuation in the water levels. The observed values clearly show the principal trend due to rainfall recharge. Spectral analysis was carried out to evaluate correlation of the cyclic fluctuation to the synthet...