nowhere are the barriers to a functional health infrastructure more clearly on display than in the goma region of democratic republic of congo. kaboru et al. report poorly integrated services for hiv and tb in this war-torn region. priorities in conflict zones include provision of security, shelter, food, clean water and prevention of sexual violence. in goma, immediate health priorities includ...

The urgent demand of integrated water resources management has drawn attention to the issue of transnational water bodies that comprise exploitable resources for two or more countries. It is estimated that 50% of the global surface is lying on transboundary catchments and this percentage is continually increasing due to the creation of new nations, while around 40% of the earth’s population res...

We engage in a critical assessment of the neo-malthusian claim that climatic changes can be an important source of international tensions, in the extreme even militarized interstate disputes. The most likely scenario is conflict over water allocation in international catchments shared by poorer, less democratic, and politically less stable countries, governed by weak international water managem...

High-throughput behavioral studies using larval zebrafish often assess locomotor activity to determine the effects of experimental perturbations. However, the results reported by different groups are difficult to compare because there is not a standardized experimental paradigm or measure of locomotor activity. To address this, we investigated the effects that several factors, including the sta...

To clarify conflicting reports on the composition and stability of H2O and D2O adsorbates on Ru(0001), we have conducted correlated experiments in two laboratories using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy, without and after controlled electron irradiation. Both species form molecular wetting layers; D2O stays molecular to desorption while H2O undergoes a therma...

Kabul and Monrovia, the respective capitals of Afghanistan and Liberia, have recently emerged from long-lasting armed conflicts. In both cities, a large number of organisations took part in emergency water supply provision and later in the rehabilitation of water systems. Based on field research, this paper establishes a parallel between the operations carried out in the two settings, highlight...

China is Asia's most important upstream riparian country, sharing 110 rivers and lakes with 18 downstream countries. Consequently, China's management of transboundary water resources must consider both environmental and geopolitical risks.The major threats to and conflicts over international rivers in China revolve around biotic homogenisation due to the installation of transport links, water a...

This study quantified Escherichia coli (EC) and enterococci (ENT) in beach waters and dominant source materials, correlated these with ambient conditions, and determined selected EC genotypes and ENT phenotypes. Bathing-water ENT criteria were exceeded more frequently than EC criteria, providing conflicting interpretations of water quality. Dominant sources of EC and ENT were bird feces (10(8)/...

The Swedish coastal zone is a scene of conflicting interests about various goods and services provided by nature. Open-access conditions and the public nature of many services increase the difficulty in resolving these conflicts. "Sustainability" is a vague but widely accepted guideline for finding reasonable trade-offs between different interests. The UN view of sustainable development suggest...

Recent interest in expanding offshore oil production within waters of the United States has been met with opposition by groups concerned with recreational, environmental, and aesthetic values associated with the coastal zone. Although the proposition of new oil platforms off the coast has generated conflict over how coastal resources should be utilized, little research has been conducted on whe...