World population is constantly growing and at the same time the lifestyle is increasing progressively. The growth process requires intense exploitation of known resources as well as more and more new resources to be made available. Such growing demand creates pressure on the huge but finite available global resources. Water, food and energy demand is growing proportionally and are interrelated ...

the increasing number of hazards related to water shortage in different parts of the world and the probability of socio-economic crisis, social stresses and even war occurrence as water shortage impacts; shows that water supply challenges will be more important and widespread than energy supply challenges in future decades. during the time, with population growth, resource demand increase and p...

Computational Intelligence techniques have been proposed as an efficient tool for modeling and forecasting in recent years and in various applications. Water is a basic need and as a result, water supply entities have the responsibility to supply clean and safe water at the rate required by the consumer. It is therefore necessary to implement mechanisms and systems that can be employed to predi...

Water supply systems consume large amounts of energy because of the pumping processes involved. The operational strategy of using frequency converters enables the system to work with better adjusted discharge rate to meet demand. In this case, an optimization strategy can establish an optimal procedure in order to schedule the rotational speed of pumps over a period and guarantee a volume of wa...

estimation of agricultural sector demand and supply and identification of its determinants could lead to more efficient policies and planning of this section. in this study, aggregate demand and supply of agriculture sector for years of 1959-2007 by using of nonlinear restricted armax model are estimated. result indicates that aggregate agriculture demand is inelastic in short and long run. tho...

Sanitation improvement is crucial in saving lives that are lost due to water contamination. Progress towards achieving full sanitation coverage is still slow in low-income informal settlements in most developing countries. Furthermore, resources are being wasted on installing facilities that are later misused or never used because they do not meet the local demand. Understanding demand for impr...