stereologic methods are used to abtain quantitative information about 3-dimensional structures from histologic sections. the aim of the present study was using new and unbiased stereologic techniques to investigate changes in volume and number of glomeruli after chronic lead acetate intoxication both quantitatively and in 3-dimensional spaces.lead is one of the heavy metals that has adverse eff...

A 42-year-old Chinese woman presented with transient confusional state and memory loss due to acute water intoxicational hyponatremia complicating colonic irrigation (enemas) used as an alternative medicine to promote health. Although there is no evidence that such "antiautointoxication" technique conveys true benefit in any condition, this form of "quackery" may actually cause harm, such as wa...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to determine changes of biomarkers of nervous tissue degradation in experimental model of osmotic blood-brain barrier opening or water intoxication and to find whether they correspond to changes in well defined clinical entities. METHODS In the cerebro-spinal fluid taken via the suboccipital puncture, myelin basic protein (MBP ng/ml), neuron-specific enolas...