the option-pricing problem is always an important part in modern finance. assuming that the stock diffusion is a constant, some literature has introduced many stock models and given corresponding option pricing formulas within the framework of the uncertainty theory. in this paper, we propose a new stock model with uncertain stock diffusion for uncertain markets. some option pricing formulas on...

As with most water companies in the world UK water companies face very little competition for the delivery of water within their area. However, recently both the government and the regulator, Ofwat, have indicated that they wish to see a major change in the industry through a significant growth of competition. The pricing of common carriage of water will be central to whether this objective can...

The current paper presents an institutional analysis of wastewater (non) treatment and reuse scenario using the case study of Hyderabad, India. The objective of the institutional analysis in the current study is to determine the extent and the character of an observed gap between declared rules (formal) and rules-in-use (informal practices) in the context of wastewater disposal, use and its adv...

Understanding the knowledge of climate-change impacts on water-resources is a priority. This article goes step further with main objective this study to explore water-practitioners’ viewpoints regarding water supply-side and demand-side management measures in coping future climatic achieve urban security. Interviews were conducted water-professionals from regional authorities Queensland, Austra...

The main objective of this article is to present a comparative study of capital assets pricing models (CAPM) with extrapolating capital assets pricing models (X-CAPM) of companies admitted in Tehran Exchange Market which is accomplished for the first time by investigators of this research in Iran. Accordingly, the statistical population under study of this research includes all companies admitt...

this paper develops positive mathematical programming (pmp) model to determine the optimum cropping pattern and water demand function in six regions of lower part lands of shirindarre dam in north khorasan province of iran and then estimates the expected pay for water in each region. the quantity of water supplied from such different water resources as dams, wells, and rivers in different scena...