A reliability evaluation module is presented for study of WDM network reliability. In this module, WDM networks are assumed to consist of three kinds of network elements nodes, links and wavelength channelrelated elements. And a network performance index – network ‘function value’, was introduced here as a quantitative representation of working-state of WDM network under certain link capacity a...

ÐWith ever increasing demands on bandwidth from emerging bandwidth-intensive applications, such as video conferencing, E-commerce, and video-on-demand services, there has been an acute need for very high bandwidth transport network facilities. Optical networks are a promising candidate for this type of applications. At the same time, many bandwidth-intensive applications require multicast servi...

Quantum communication complexity studies the efficiency of information (that is, minimum amount required to achieve a certain task) using quantum states. One representative example is fingerprinting, in which simultaneous message passing model considered and could be exponentially smaller than classical fingerprinting protocol. Experimental demonstrations based on practical protocol where coher...

This paper presents the electrical conductivity data of copper along gas branch binodal curve in warm dense matter (WDM) regime as a function mass density and temperature. All are obtained using underwater wire explosion technique, which vaporized cools during period current dwell after explodes. Mass temperature measured by fast imaging optical spectroscopy, respectively. Combining these with ...

One approach to accommodating IP traffic on a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network is to construct a logical topology, establishing a set of lightpaths between nodes. The lightpaths carry IP traffic but do not require any electronic packet processing at intermediate nodes, thereby reducing the load on those nodes. When the IP and WDM networks have independent routing functions, howeve...

The emergence of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology has significantly increased the transmission capacity of a link in today's optical networks. In WDM networks, the bandwidth request of a traffic stream is usually much lower than the capacity of a wavelength. Traffic grooming can aggregate low-rate connections onto high-capacity optical fibers to make an efficient use of the ban...