BACKGROUND Central America has undergone extensive trade liberalization over the past two decades, and has recently signed a Free Trade Agreement with the United States. The region is also experiencing a dual burden of malnutrition with the growth of dietary patterns associated with the global 'nutrition transition'. This study describes the relationship between trade liberalization policies an...

according to the recent literature, the expansion of intra-industry trade increases the intra-industrial excess job reallocation. based on lovely and nelson (2002), this study examined the hypothesis that marginal intra-industry trade has a positive effect on the excess job reallocation in iranian industries. therefore, we have employed a panel technique for iranian manufacturing industries at ...

This paper investigates how financial, trade, institutional and political liberalization policies have affected financial efficiency in Africa. It uses updated data to appraise second generation reforms in order to gather fresh evidence and derive more updated policy implications. The ‘freedom to trade’ and ‘economic freedom’ indices are also employed. The following findings are established. (1...

Economists tend to exalt the virtues of free international trade, while politicians are more skeptical. This paper suggests that this is the case because politicians mainly worry about the income distribution effects of trade liberalization, while economists focus on efficiency. Using textbook economic analyses we show that compensating the income distribution effects of free trade may be more ...

abstract the present research accomplished to determination of the trade liberalization effects on import function of iran’s wheat crop using time series data from 1357 to 1387 that earn from sources such as agricultural and aerology statistics annual letter, customhouse and iran central bank website.in this investigation, at first, wheat liberalization index was measured by using level of inte...

Europe has long defied GATT/WTO rules on agricultural trade during adjudication of trade disputes, but agreed to major reforms of its agricultural policies in the Uruguay Round. Such variation in liberalization outcomes raises questions about when nations will delegate to international institutions and how EU institutions influence its trade policy. This paper focuses on the policy process to e...

T paper makes an important contribution to the debate on the potential gains from further global trade liberalization under the proposed World Trade Organization’s (WTO) round of negotiations, WTO2000. We know from the Uruguay Round (UR) that the results of applied general equilibrium (AGE) simulations can influence the stance of negotiators. Likewise, the potential for results (such as these) ...