abstract level of groundwater is decreased which is mainly because, withdrawal of groundwater is increased, because of lack of right management. economics of rural based farming and farming is dependent of water so decreasing of groundwater effects social welfare. in this study decrease of welfare measure by reason of reduction of groundwater level considered. this study investigated the impact...

Most welfare-to-work programs designed to help single mothers leave welfare for employment focus on the challenge of finding a job. This article looks beyond the point of employment to consider the difficulty many former welfare recipients have keeping their jobs. The authors review evidence showing that many families cycle back and forth between welfare and work, losing jobs and returning to p...

Is the observed large increase in consumer indebtedness since the 1980s beneficial for U.S. consumers? This paper quantitatively studies the macroeconomic and welfare implications of relaxing borrowing constraints when consumers exhibit a hyperbolic discounting preference. The model can capture two contrasting views: the positive view, which links increased indebtedness to financial innovation ...

We study allocative inefficiency under monopoly using a two-good general-equilibrium monopoly production model. Individuals are heterogeneous with respect to preferences. We compare social welfare under monopoly with welfare under perfect competition. We then apply this model to the antidepressant and antipsychotic pharmaceutical markets. We find that, for nine specific drugs, annual social-wel...

We measure the earnings and welfare losses experienced by displaced employees of the Ecuadorian Central Bank (BCE), and link these losses to individual characteristics such as age, gender, education, seniority and wage in the public sector. Data are from a survey of BCE employees we ran fifteen to eighteen months after separation, including subjective evaluations of well-being in addition to in...

September 2002 Abstract This paper, in a quantitative way, studies the macroeconomic and welfare effects of introducing a progressive expenditure tax in a situation with the aging of the Japanese population. The paper simulates capital accumulation and social welfare by taking account of the general equilibrium effects of intragenerational inequality in order to predict the future aged society....

Welfare reform and changes in immigrants' eligibility may lead to significant reductions in Medicaid caseloads, even though many states are expanding Medicaid eligibility rules to accommodate changes under the new welfare programs. In 1996, for the first time in almost a decade, Medicaid participation of adults and children fell about 2 percent, and further reductions seem likely in 1997. The g...

We model the labor market impact of the key provisions of the national and Massachusetts "mandate-based" health reforms: individual mandates, employer mandates, and subsidies. We characterize the compensating differential for employer-sponsored health insurance (ESHI) and the welfare impact of reform in terms of "sufficient statistics." We compare welfare under mandate-based reform to welfare i...

With new technologies that enable insurers to electronically monitor vehicles and drivers, insurers should be able to price automobile insurance more accurately, creating individualized prices for consumers. The welfare effects of lower prices are straightforward, but we also consider that consumers have heterogeneous valuations of privacy that they may lose if they adopt the monitoring technol...

To address rising energy use and CO2 emissions, China’s leadership has enacted energy and CO2 intensity targets under the Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2011–2015), which are defined at both the national and provincial levels. We develop a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model with global coverage that disaggregates China’s 30 provinces and includes energy system detail, and apply it to assess th...