Intercropping plays an essential role in agricultural production, impacting the soil’s physical and chemical properties microbial communities. However, responses of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms continuous-cropping soil to different intercropping systems growing seasons are still insufficiently studied. Here, we investigated effects seven (alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)/cucumber, trifolium (Tr...

We tested, in an olfactometer, whether or not Tribolium castaneumHerbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) responds preferentially to the volatiles that emanate from the fungi associated with cotton [Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae)] seed over those that emanate from cereals, because cereals are usually portrayed as the primary resources of these beetles. Pairwise comparisons were conducted between c...

The world is facing severe challenges in meeting the rapidly growing demand for water resources. In addition,irrigation water which is the largest use of water in most developing countries and arid and semi arid regions, will likelyhave to be diverted increasingly to meet the needs of the households in urban areas and industry sectors whilst remaining aprime engine of agricultural growth. A Lin...

Intercropping induces the diseases decreasing, and yield increasing, may partly due to the improvement of microclimate in fields. In order to understand the mechanism and efficiency of resource utilization in intercropping of maize (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max), a field experiment was conducted as factorial on the bases of randomized complete block design of three patterns with three rep...

The article presents the results of study to substantiate angle vertical installation fertilizer spreader, which localizes between rows cotton. Based on obtained, a working body is developed for mixing organic and mineral fertilizers during intercropping. movement pieces along X Y axes was studied. coordinates pieces’ landing point surface their velocities, motion equations in next jump were cr...

The cotton intercropping experiment was conducted for the management of sucking pests, viz. leafhopper, Amrasca biguttula Ishida (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae); whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius Aleyrodidae) and thrips, Thrips Linderman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in desi cotton, Gossypium arborium. results study revealed that less mean population leafhopper nymphs, whitefly thrips adults recorded fr...

Background: Freshwater in sufficient quantity and adequate quality is a prerequisite for human societies natural ecosystems. To adequately feed 9.3 billion people 2050, consumptive water use (i.e. transpired water) by all food fodder crops needs to increase from its present estimated level of 7000 km3/year 12,586 km3/year. However, fresh resources are increasingly getting scarce because increas...