with its favorable geographical location, qazvin has long been a center of civilization in the iranian plateau. due to its strategic importance and being situated on the way to routes going to west and east, qazvin has always enjoyed military and political significance in both the pre-islamic and the islamic period. after the muslim arabs’ conquest of persia, qazvin became one of the borders of...

Conclusions Differences in the pattern of alcohol use and related problems exist among various ethnicities Slavs and Arabs in Belarus. The Slavs had higher percentages of alcohol users, but relatively lower proportion of problem drinkers, compared to the results of the Arabs. Higher AUDIT scores were recorded for the Arabs. No significant differences were noted in the preference for alcoholic b...

a r t i c l e i n f o Although negative stereotypes towards Muslims escalated after the events of September 11th, little is known about how Muslim children think about their own group members. Therefore, the current study examined Muslim children's attitudes towards Muslims and non-Muslims. Sixty-five 5-to 8-year-old Muslim children, enrolled in an Islamic school, engaged in two tasks. In the a...

My paper has two parts. First, I talk about the golden rule. After introducing the rule and its global importance, I explain why many scholars dismiss it as a vague proverb that leads to absurdities when we try to formulate it clearly. I defend the golden rule against such objections. Second, I talk about the golden rule in Persia and Islam; I consider Persian sources (Muslim and non-Muslim) an...

Rus’ medieval authors drew information about the history and culture of Arabs mainly from Byzantine sources, translated into Old-Church-Slavonic. The image was supplemented by observations made residents in course direct contacts with (e.g. during their travels to Holy Land) or ideas other Islamic peoples, whose customs could be known old personal experience Turks Mongols/Tatars). aim this pape...

This study aims to understand Islamic civilization and the development of Saluan tribe in Mondonun qualitatively. The method used is a literature on history Islam Mondonun. results show that has played an important role entered 17th century through trade marriage between Arabs Malays. brings changes mindset culture people, including terms religion, education, social matters. was also influenced...

This article aims to show which extent the Arab and Muslim historians geographers are aware of familiar with Byzantine empire’s territories (Roman territories), their information about its administrative military divisions in first eight Hijri centuries (8-14 AD), is period Roman were under rule, later by Seljuk who dominated these after Battle Manzikert 463 AH / 1071 AD, before submission Otto...

In this paper, I analyze how the rise to power of the Muslim Brotherhood, marked by increased parliamentary power in late 2006 due to unprecedented success in the 2005 elections, impacts female labor force participation in districts in which Muslim Brotherhood candidates won compared to those in which they did not win. I use a difference in differences estimation strategy, using both district a...