the dual nature of human existence, and having both physical and spiritual affairs have been accepted by religious scholars and divine philosophers . most philosophers, especially muslim  philosophers, despite the disagreement on  the way of soul creation have agreed about the soul creation itself and lack of its precedence over body .at least we can prove this idea with two arguments from ebne...

Intuitively, the future is open and past fixed: there something we can do about but not past. Some metaphysicians believe that a proper metaphysics of time must vindicate this intuition. Whereas philosophers have focused on past, status present remains relatively unexplored. Drawing resources from action theory, I argue just like future. Hence, should allow for an as well. none major currently ...

Cushing syndrome could be a complication of long-term steroid use, resulting in wide range clinical presentations. Whereas some patients take medically prescribed doses conventional medicines, including steroids for various ailments, others inadvertently consume unspecified by adulterating traditional medicines with these orthodox medications to increase their therapeutic appeal. Furthermore, i...

In this paper we show that the class of fork squares has a complete orthodox axiomatization in fork arrow logic (FAL). This result may be seen as an orthodox counterpart of Venema’s non-orthodox axiomatization for the class of squares in arrow logic. FAL is the modal logic of fork algebras (FAs) just as arrow logic is the modal logic of relation algebras (RAs). FAs extend RAs by a binary fork o...

The present paper aims to contribute to the substantivalism versus relationalism debate and to defend general relativity (GR) against pseudoscientific attacks in a novel, especially inclusive way. This work was initially motivated by the desire to establish the incompatibility of any ether theories with accelerated cosmic expansion and inflation (motto: where would a hypothetical medium suppose...

Phylogenetics is the study and reconstruction of evolutionary history and is filled with numerous foundational issues of interest to philosophers. This paper briefly introduces some central concepts in the field, describes some of the main methods for inferring phylogenies, and provides some arguments for the superiority of model-based methods such as Likelihood and Bayesian methods over nonpar...

Are philosophers’ intuitions more reliable than philosophical novices’? Are we entitled to assume the superiority of philosophers’ intuitions just as we assume that experts in other domains have more reliable intuitions than novices? Ryberg raises some doubts and his arguments promise to undermine the expertise defence of intuition-use in philosophy once and for all. In this paper, I raise a nu...