Intercropping is regarded as an important agricultural practice to improve crop production and environmental quality in the regions with intensive agricultural production, e.g., northern China. To optimize agronomic advantage of maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) intercropping system compared to monoculture of maize, two sequential experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 was to s...

Maize and wheat are main field crops on arable lands in Croatia. According to the data of the State Bureau for Statistics (Statistical Yearbook 2011) in the five-year period (2006-2010) mean used agricultural land in the category arable land and gardens in Croatia was 867123 ha. Mean harvested areas of maize (298412 ha) and wheat (176794 ha) occupied 55% of used arable land of the country. Majo...

BACKGROUND Due to the high toxicity of aflatoxin and its effects on public health, determination of aflatoxin level in Wheat flour samples in the Golestan province, north of Iran was investigated. To examine the effect of seasonal changes, summer and winter sampling was performed with standard sampling methods. METHODS A total of 200 flour samples were collected from 25 factories. HPLC method...

Arable land weed seed banks are dynamic and reflect cropping history, current management, and environment. Changes in crop rotation and tillage system can alter weed seed density and species composition. In the semi-arid region of the Pacific Northwest, USA, no-till spring cropping is being studied as an alternative to the traditional winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/dust-mulch fallow (WWF) ...

No-till cropping is an option for growers needing to reduce soil erosion in the Palouse annual-cropped region of the Pacific Northwest, which is well suited for wheat production. A 6-yr field study was conducted to determine optimum levels of fertilizer and herbicide inputs in a no-till continuous wheat crop production system. Three levels of nitrogen (N) and two weed management levels (WML) we...

The following method was used to apply the topology of current study evapotranspiration ETo, net irrigation demand, schedules, and total effective rain fall different crop models: using Food Agriculture Organization's (FAO) CROPWAT 8.0 standard software CLIMWAT 2.0 tool FAO-56 Penman-Monteith approach examine variable ETo. Due high temperatures in summer with an annual mean 6.33 mm/day, topolog...

Escalating energy and fertilizer N prices have renewed farmer interests in methods that reduce manure management costs and enhance the fertilizer value of manure. At the same time, air quality legislation seeks to mitigate ammonia loss from animal operations. We compared two dairy heifer management practices on manure N capture and recycling through crops: the conventional practice of barn manu...

To find suitable farming management approaches in the semi-arid climate of Iran, we set up an experiment combining three farm practices with four crop rotation systems over growing seasons (two winter and two summer seasons), from 2018 to 2020. The comprised: intensive (IF, inorganic inputs, removal residues soil, weeds chemically controlled), organic (OF, a return 30% mechanically integrated (...

Summer maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the dominant crops in the North China Plain (NCP). Its growth is greatly influenced by the spatial-temporal variation of climatic variables, especially solar radiation, temperature and rainfall. The WOFOST (version 7.1) model was applied to evaluate the impact of climatic variability on summer maize yields using historical meteorological data from 1961 to 20...

introduction crop sequencing with a particular arrangement in a 2-3 or more yearly period is known as crop rotation. considering crop diversity and soil fertility crop rotation is essential because it prevents soil degradation which is a result of sequential cultivation of one crop causing nutrients imbalance, exudation of different compounds and antibiotics from crop roots. determining crops s...