Purpose: Many theoretical models have been designed to predict exposure levels and absorbed doses under various exposure conditions. The aim of this report, however, is to obtain, through a practical method, a quantitative measure of the absorbed doses in patients undergoing routine X-ray examinations to various anatomical sites. Materials and Methods: Anatomical phantoms simulating patients’ e...

This study is to identify the characteristics of BMD and the related clinical consequences through a nationwide, consecutive, cross-sectional study. A total of 1,281 postmenopausal women was enrolled nationwide and underwent measurement for BMD using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Following the T-spine and L-spine plane radiography, they were evaluated for vertebral fracture by a semi-quanti...

background: carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders among computer users. computer users exhibit various wrist angles while typing. dynamic changes of wrist angle may cause different degrees of median nerve compression. the objective of this study was thus to investigate the effects of the combination of wrist flexion-extension with wrist deviation on me...

An 1 1 year old boy fell off a swing onto an outstretched left hand. He attended the accident and emergency department with a painful, swollen left elbow. Radiography of the injured elbow confirmed the undisplaced supracondylar fracture (fig 1). He was treated with a broad arm sling. A week later the child was seen in the fracture clinic and overall evaluation revealed tenderness over the left ...

A 61-year-old woman presented with mild pain and swelling on the volar aspect of the wrist, hand, and little finger. Radiography showed a soft-tissue mass shadow, and magnetic resonance imaging showed acute tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons and an inflammatory mass inside the carpal tunnel. Laboratory test results were normal, except for an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (40 mm/h). T...

Fractures of the scaphoid are the most common carpal injuries. Suspected scaphoid injuries make up a large part of the work of an accident and emergency department, and unfortunately make up a significant percentage of litigation claims. Initial radiographs cannot always detect fractures while undisplaced and subsequently untreated fractures may give rise to premature carpal collapse and degene...

Children with mental retardation are often subjected to a routine battery of tests, a practice that has been criticised.' Investigations often include a blood count, a biochemical profile, urinary screening for metabolites including amino acids, and radiography of the skull and wrist for bone age and may be more extensive. Such routine testing of all children with mental retardation is done in ...

Microfocal radiography has been used to evaluate the relation between erosion number and erosion area in the hands and wrists of 51 patients with early to moderately advanced rheumatoid arthritis. The hands of these patients showed different patterns of erosion progression, in terms of the relation between changes in number and area, and included those showing a decrease in one or both of the e...

Mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS I) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by physical deformities and developmental anomalies. Part of a group of clinically progressive disorders, it is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, α-L -iduronidase, which results in intralysosomal accumulation of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate and in turn causes cell dysfunction. Two sisters, one 11 ...

Microfocal radiography records, with unusually good resolution, the detailed structural organization of cancellous bone. A textural imaging method, fractal signature analysis (FSA), was used to quantify the horizontal and vertical trabecular organization recorded within macroradiographic images of the spine of post-menopausal women and the tibia in osteoarthritic knees, and the analysis of vari...