Modern organizations have a huge challenge on their hands, on a scale unlike anything they’ve seen since the Y2K crisis. They must “secure” the organization in the face of increasing complexity, uncertainty, and interconnection brought about by an unprecedented reliance on technology to accomplish their mission. They must also stay mindful of the heavy hand of regulation as legislators discover...

The analysis error variance of a 3D-FGAT assimilation is examined analytically using a simple scalar equation. It is shown that the analysis error variance may be greater than the error variances of the inputs. The results are illustrated numerically with a scalar example and a shallow-water model. Copyright c © 0000 Royal Meteorological Society

We put the theory of Dirichlet series and integrals in the geometric setting of`fractal strings' (one-dimensional drums with fractal boundary). The poles of a Dirichlet series thus acquire the geometric meaning of`complex dimensions' of the associated fractal string, and they describe the geometric and spectral oscillations of this string by means of anèxplicit formula'. We deene thèspectral op...

Software is becoming critical to more and more sectors of the economy. Time-to-market, robustness, and quality of software is now more important than ever before, due to new competitive environments, and the resulting need to evolve rapidly with changing business requirements. Thus the difficulty in understanding and modifying evolving software systems remains a serious obstacle to innovation a...

We generate a native pattern language from a context-free grammar. So if we have the underlying grammar of code that needs to be analyzed, or renovated the pattern language comes for free. We use native patterns for recognition and renovation of code. The pattern language is global in the sense that patterns can match entire programs. We illustrate native patterns by discussing a tool that reme...

Francisco Iniesto, Covadonga Rodrigo Institute of Educational Technology, the Open University, Milton Keynes, UK Department of Languages and Computer Systems, School of Computer Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain ORCID: 0000-0003-3946-3056, 0000-0001-8135-3163 [email protected], [email protected] Received: 2016-04-21 | Accepted: 2016-11-0...

Ensuring models’ consistency is a key concern when using a model-based development approach. Therefore, model inconsistency detection has received significant attention over the last years. To be useful, inconsistency detection has to be sound, efficient and scalable. Incremental detection is one way to achieve efficiency in the presence of large models. In most of the existing approaches, incr...

An extension theorem for general weight functions is proved over nite chain rings. The structure of the complex semigroup ring associated to the multiplicative semigroup of the ring plays a prominent role in the proof. 1. Background In her doctoral dissertation, MacWilliams 7], 8] proved an equivalence theorem: two linear codes C 1 ; C 2 F n deened over a nite eld F are equivalent up to monomia...

At Pick’s heyday there were over 3,000 business applications available across a very wide range of hardware platforms supporting from one to thousands of real time users. The tentative economic recovery of the 90s and the Y2K fears created cautious and conservative corporate decision-making. During those tumultuous years there were startling leaps in information and communications technology re...

Topology Maintenance Protocols (TMPs) are key for operating Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Their adoption serves a few goals, such as: to save energy, to avoid collisions in communications, and to have an adequate number of nodes monitoring the environment—by alternating duty cycles with sleep cycles on the sensor nodes. While effectiveness of TMPs protocols is widely addressed, security is a...