By elementary linear algebra involving row operations (replacing row i by row i plus row j), and column exchanges, we can write G as (Ik|A) where A is some k×n−k matrix. Now the matrix H = ( −A In−k ) satisfies GH = 0. Thus every vector y = xG satisfies yH = 0. Furthermore standard linear algebra implies that the space of vectors that satisfies yH = 0 is at most k and so this must be the space ...

Scanning electron microscopy was used to follow fruiting body formation by pure cultures of Chondromyces crocatus M38 and Stigmatella aurantica. Vegetative cells were grown on SP agar and then transferred to Bonner salts agar for fructification. Fruiting in both species commences with the formation of aggregation centers which resemble a fried egg in appearance. In Chondromyces the elevated cen...

In present study, two trials had been conducted to evaluate the effects of Spirulina platensis (SP) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, egg quantity and quality traits, and immunity response of Japanese quails. In trial 1, a total number of 180 one-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned into 6 groups, 3 replicates with 10 quail chicks per replicate. Experimental die...

this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin c on laying hens performance, egg characteristics and some blood parameters under normal rearing condition. one hundred and ninety two 24 - weeks - old laying hens diet were used in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments (0, 250, 500 and 750 mg vitamin c/kg diet) and 4 replicates for 105 days. although feed consumption, ...

Egg is an important source of animal protein with its nutritional substances. These substances and the quality characteristics egg are affected by physicochemical changes effect various factors during storage. Different studies have been carried out to preserve values eggs In these studies, Ultraviolet applications were mostly used for sanitation eggs, while made determine internal without brea...

Pharmacokinetic parameters of YH439 and its metabolites, M4, M5, and M7, were compared after iv administration of YH439 to rats (1-10 mg/kg), rabbits (1-10 mg/kg), and dogs (1-20 mg/kg) and oral administration of YH439 to rats (50-500 mg/kg) and dogs (0.5-2 g per whole body weight). After oral administration of YH439 to rats, the F values were 3.67, 1.33, and 0.859% for YH439 oral doses of 100,...

African catfish, Clarias gariepinus were exposed to total darkness (group D) or continuous light (L) during endogenous feeding. During external feeding some of the fish continued to be reared in darkness (DD) and some in light (LL), whereas two groups were exposed to reversed light conditions (groups DL and LD). Survival to the end of yolk absorption was 22% greater in fish exposed to darkness;...

In this study, we measured the morphometric and histological changes in the cyprinid loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, during the early period of growth. Eyes, yolk length, yolk height, and yolk volume of the larva decreased for 16 days post hatching (DPH) (P<0.05). During 60 DPH (P>0.05), the most anterior extension of the head × the posterior end of the supraoccipital, the most anterior exte...

The quality of eggs laid by 2 hybrid and 2 Italian dual-purpose genotypes of hens reared under organic farming system was studied. Hens belonging to Hy-Line Brown (brown eggshell, HLB), Hy-Line White (white eggshell, HLW), Ermellinata di Rovigo (brown eggshell, E), and Robusta maculata (brown eggshell, R) genotypes were reared from 24 to 43 wk of age. The trial was carried out from July to Dece...

Enrichment diets high in ground flax may cause irritation to the gut, which may affect absorption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) from flax as well as other dietary enrichment ingredients. This study assessed the egg enrichment with ω-3 PUFA and Lutein when provided alone in the diet, in combination, or when fed in alternate day patterns. A total of 144 individually caged Lohm...