Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document defines a padding ...

Compared with avid research activities of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) in practice, the study theoretical behaviors DCNNs lags heavily behind. In particular, universal consistency remains open. this paper, we prove that implementing empirical risk minimization on expansive convolution (with zero-padding) is strongly universally consistent. Motivated by consistency, conduct a serie...

It has been shown that secret information can be leaked to external observers through covert timing channels. In this paper we are concerned with a kind of timing attack that wants to differentiate two processes, presented as probabilistic transition systems, by observing their timing behaviour. Our goal is to make the processes indistinguishable i.e. bisimilar, by adding virtual (dummy) states...

In this paper, we investigate single-carrier (SC) and multi-carrier IDMA schemes with cyclic prefixing (CP) and zero padding (ZP) techniques. These schemes are called SC-IDMA-CP, SC-IDMA-ZP, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-IDMA-CP and OFDM-IDMA-ZP, respectively. By exploiting the circulant property of channel matrices, the multi-user detection of these schemes can be efficient...

Vaudenay [1] has presented an attack on the CBC mode of block ciphers, which uses padding according to the PKCS#5 standard. One of the countermeasures, which he has assumed, consisted of the encryption of the message M ́= M || padding || hash(M || padding) instead of the original M. This can increase the length of the message by several blocks compared with the present padding. Moreover, Wagner ...

We present a blind coarse timing offset estimation technique for CP-OFDM and ZP-OFDM transmission over frequency selective channels. The technique exploits the cyclic prefix or zero padding structure to estimate the starting position of the OFDM symbols without requiring any additional pilots. Simulation results are performed on various channel models with timing and frequency offsets. The pres...

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is particularly divided to three varieties. Cyclic prefix OFDM, zero padding OFDM, and time domain synchronous OFDM. Compared to CP OFDM, TDS-OFDM has higher spectral efficiency and faster synchronization. This paper reviewed however efficiently uses the compressive sensing (CS) theory to resolve those problems. During this paper, a noise cancel...

It is well known that Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) techniques may be used to multiply large integers. We introduce the concept of Discrete Weighted Transforms (DWTs) which, in certain situations, substantially improve the speed of multiplication by obviating costly zero-padding of digits. In particular, when arithmetic is to be performed modulo Fermât Numbers 22"1 + 1 , or Mersenne Numbers ...

A method for efficient spatial domain filtering, directly in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain, is developed and proposed. It consists of using the discrete sine transform (DST) and the DCT for transform-domain processing on the in JPEG basis of the previously derived convolution-multiplication properties of discrete trigonometric transforms. The proposed scheme requires neither zero p...