Studies have shown that noxious cutaneous stimulation engages physiologically different antinociceptive systems to inhibit a spinal reflex, tail withdrawal from radiant heat. Two experiments are reported that examine the relationship between the inhibition of the tail-flick response and brain-mediated responses to nociception. The induction of a spinally mediated antinociception was accompanied...

BACKGROUND Neurologic deficits after apparent intrathecal injection of 3% Nesacaine-CE intended for epidural administration created concern about the potential toxicity of chloroprocaine and the preservative sodium bisulfite. Although bisulfite-free formulations of chloroprocaine were subsequently introduced into clinical practice, the relative toxicities of this anesthetic and preservative wer...

Purpose: Buprederm-Buprenorphine transdermal delivery system (BTDS) was developed for the treatment of post-operative and chronic pains. This study examined the relationship between the plasma concentration of buprenorphine and its analgesic effect (tail flick test) in order to assess the usefulness of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling in describing this relationship. Methods: Af...

BACKGROUND The current study investigated whether racemic bupivacaine and its S(-)- and R(+)-enantiomers, levobupivacaine and dextrobupivacaine, differ in somatic and visceral antinociception and neurotoxicity when administered intrathecally in rats. METHODS In experiment 1, rats intrathecally received 15 microl saline or 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, or 1% bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, or dextrobupivaca...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leaf extracts of Buddleja globosa (Buddlejaceae) are used in Chilean folk medicine for wound healing. The anti-inflammatory (topic and per os), analgesic (per os) effects and the antioxidant activity of Buddleja globosa were for the first time reported by us. AIM OF THE STUDY Assess the antinociceptive activity of the methanol sequential and global extracts usin...

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (types 1 and 2) leads to secondary complications such as neuropathy, which reduce a patient's quality of life. Apelin and its receptor, APJ, have been shown to have antinociceptive effects and to decrease blood glucose levels. OBJECTIVES The present experimental study was conducted in Iran and investigated the role of apelin, which is used to manage type 1 diabete...

A B S T R A C T Introduction: Aloe Vera extract is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-bradikinin agent in laboratory animals. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the ant-nociceptive effect of A. Vera aqueous extract in fructose-fed male rats. Methods: Forty-five Wistar-Albino male rats were equally and randomly divided into five groups including sham operated and four test groups. Sham op...

a b s t r a c t introduction: aloe vera extract is used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-bradikinin agent in laboratory animals. the aim of this survey was to evaluate the ant-nociceptive effect of a. vera aqueous extract in fructose-fed male rats. methods: forty-five wistar-albino male rats were equally and randomly divided into five groups including sham operated and four test groups. sham op...

objective(s): analgesic effects of oxytocin and it's the other physiological effects were well-known. the aim of present study was determination of nitric oxide role on analgesic effects of oxytocin in mice. materials and methods: 216 male albino mice were divided randomly into two experimental groups, tail flick and formalin test. each experimental group consists of three main groups incl...

conclusions it looks that a. hirtifolium has antinociceptive effects that might be due to flavonoids and saponins in plant the analgesic effect of which was demonstrated previously. results allium hirtifolium extract at (200 mg/kg dosage), alone and in combination with aspirin, had shown antinociceptive effect in writhing, tail-flick, and formalin tests (p < 0.01). allium hirtifolium extract (a...