A method for immobilization of β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis on an adsorptive membrane for the continuous synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides from lactose was carried out. The immobilization was performed at 4, 10, 15 and 40°C. Two strongly basic anion exchange membranes with tradename MustangQ and SartobindQ were investigated. In static experiments, the highest enzyme activity wa...

The present study was conducted to assess selected galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) effects on short-chain acids (SCFA), microbiota variability in vitro, and health benefits using an animal model. In the in-vitro anaerobic batch, fermentation applied different groups divided by a varied amount of GOS sources, mixtures, prebiotics. Results reported that SCFA for inulin contributed significantly hi...

Constipation is a common problem and its prevalence increases with age. Severe constipation requires treatment with laxatives, but nutritional therapy, especially increased dietary fibre intake, is recommended primarily for the prevention and treatment of mild constipation. One alternative may be the use of oligosaccharides, which act as soluble fibre and have a bifidogenic effect. Galacto-olig...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate fever burden as an independent predictor for prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS This retrospective study involved 355 TBI patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤14, who presented at the emergency department of our hospital between November 2010 and October 2012. At 6 months follow-up, patients were divided into 5 groups based on Glasgow Outcome Scale (GO...

The synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) catalyzed by a novel commercial preparation of β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans (Biolactase) was studied, and the products were characterized by MS and NMR. Using 400 g/L lactose and 1.5 enzyme units per milliliter, the maximum GOS yield, measured by HPAEC-PAD analysis, was 165 g/L (41% w/w of total carbohydrates in the mixture). The majo...

In wireless mobile environments, we increasingly use data that depends on the location of mobile clients. However, requested geographical objects (GOs) do not exist in all areas with uniform distribution. More urbanized areas have greater population and greater GO density. Thus the results of queries may vary based on the perception of distance. We use urbanization as a criterion to analyze the...

Graphene has attracted a high level of research interest because of its outstanding electronic transport properties and optical properties. Based on the Kubo formalism and the Maxwell equations, it's demonstrated that the optical conductivity of graphene can be controlled through the applied voltage. And we find that the graphene-oxide-silicon (GOS) based waveguide can be made into either the e...

Independent Quality of Service (QoS) models need to be set up in IP and ATM integration and they are difficult to coordinate. This gap is bridged when MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) is used for this purpose. We propose Guarantee of Service (GoS) to improve performance of privileged flows in congested MPLS networks. We first discuss the GoS requirements for the use in conjunction with MPLS...

Building on theories of social exchange, identity, learning, and organizational support, this study examines the impact green inclusive leadership (GIL) employees’ behaviors in hotel industry. These were innovative work behavior (GIWB), service recovery performance, knowledge sharing behavior. Among links proposed, perceived support (GOS) was employed as a mediating variable. Data collected fro...