Carrier frequency offset (CFO) is a challenging problem in the uplink of single-carrier division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system. CFOs effect on orthogonality between subcarriers and cause inter-carrier interference (ICI) (MAI). This paper, analyzes impact performance Discrete Sine Transform (DST) SC-FDMA (DST-SC-FDMA) system investigates with different wireless channels, modulation schemes ma...

BACKGROUND The Korean-Mini-Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE) is a dementia-screening test that can be easily applied in both community and clinical settings. However, in 20% to 30% of cases, the K-MMSE produces a false negative response. This suggests that it is necessary to evaluate the accuracy of K-MMSE as a screening test for dementia, which can be achieved through comparison of K-MMSE and...

This study mainly focuses on multiuser detection in tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS) system forward link. Minimum mean square error (MMSE) is a low complexity multiuser detection method, but MMSE detector cannot achieve satisfactory bit error ratio and near-far resistance, whereas artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) is expert in optimization and it can realize the global convergence ...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this population-based study was to investigate the usefulness of the Geriatric Depression Scale 15-item version (GDS-15) to assess depressive symptoms among very old people with differing levels of cognitive function. METHODS The 834 participants were aged 85 and over. Feasibility of GDS-15 was evaluated as the proportion of people who completed the scale. Concurrent cri...

BACKGROUND Tests requiring the pronunciation of irregular words are used to estimate premorbid cognitive ability in patients with clinical diagnoses, and prior cognitive ability in normal ageing. However, scores on these word-reading tests correlate with scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), a widely used screening test for possible cognitive pathology. This study aimed to test wh...

OBJECTIVE The Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) is a commonly used assessment of cognitive status; however, it has been considered somewhat unwieldy for use in the emergency department (ED). An alternate test, the Quick Confusion Scale (QCS), has been compared against the MMSE in a single centre. We hypothesised that the QCS would strongly correlate with the MMSE in the ED, but could be administer...

Results: There were 226 epileptic patients involved in this study. 77.9% were from Addis Ababa. The lowest MMSE score was 17, whereas the mean and median were 26.92 and 28, respectively. The median MMSE for females and males were 28 and 29, respectively. Educational status was found to be the single most important determinant of mean MMSE. There was also statistically significant association be...