BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Differences in hippocampal volume (HV) were compared between chronic primary insomniacs (PIs) and good sleepers (GSs), and the relationship between HV and memory function in PIs was investigated to clarify the effect of chronic sleep deprivation on brain structure and cognition. METHODS Twenty PIs (mean age, 50 years; 18 females) and 20 age-, gender-, and education-matc...

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with epilepsy. Previous studies have also shown increased rates of electroencephalographic (EEG) alteration in ASD patients without epilepsy. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of intermittent rhythmic delta and theta activity (IRDA/IRTA) events between high-functioning adult patients with ASD and matched healthy controls...

A cross-sectional area (CSA) and thickness reduction of the abductor hallucis (AbH) is shown in subjects with hallux valgus (HV). To date, other soft-tissue structures have not been researched in relation with HV. The aim of this study was to compare the CSA and thickness of the intrinsic plantar muscles and fascia (PF) between feet with and without HV. Therefore, a cross-sectional and case-con...

Using the Korean public health insurance database, we analyzed patients diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from 2004 to 2008. Age and year-specific amount and seasonal variation of hospital visits (HV), duration of treatment (DT), the total and per capita amount of insurance payment (TAIP, PCIP) were evaluated. A total of 12,088,995 HV were studied. Total HV increased 1.7 times and...

Abstract We present a theory of turbulence elasticity, which follows from delayed response of drift waves (DWs) to zonal flow (ZF) shears. It is shown that when |hV iZF |/ !k > 1, with |hV iZF | the ZF shearing rate and !k the local turbulence decorrelation rate, the ZF evolution equation is converted from a di↵usion equation to a telegraph equation. This insight provides a natural framework fo...

BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an important infectious disease in Hebei Province. At present, cases from the northeast regions of the province account for >80% of the total incidences. However, studies that examine the region-specific genetic variations of the Hantavirus (HV), the causative pathogen for HFRS, have been lacking. METHODS Rodents were collected in nor...

Hypoxic vasoconstriction (HV) is an intrinsic response of mammalian pulmonary vascular smooth muscle (VSM). In the present study, HV was examined by myography of vessel rings from three primitive vertebrates: New Zealand hagfish (NZH), Pacific hagfish (PH), and sea lamprey (SL). Hypoxia dilated pre-gill arteries (ventral aorta, afferent branchial) from all species, whereas it contracted systemi...

Efficient cell electrotransfection can be achieved using combinations of high-voltage (HV; 800 V/cm, 100 micros) and low-voltage (LV; 80 V/cm, 100 ms) pulses. We have developed equipment allowing the generation of various HV and LV combinations with precise control of the lag between the HV and LV pulses. We injected luciferase-encoding DNA in skeletal muscle, before or after pulse delivery, an...