[1] Lightning discharges radiate most of their electromagnetic energy in the very low frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) and extremely low frequency (ELF, 3–3000 Hz) bands and are, consequently, an effective tool for remotely sensing the nighttime ionospheric D region electron density profile. Using broadband lightning-generated VLF signals, we derived the night-to-night variations of the midlatitude io...

We assessed the convergent validity of commonly applied metrics of cerebral autoregulation (CA) to determine the extent to which the metrics can be used interchangeably. To examine between-subject relationships among low-frequency (LF; 0.07-0.2 Hz) and very-low-frequency (VLF; 0.02-0.07 Hz) transfer function coherence, phase, gain, and normalized gain, we performed retrospective transfer functi...

We previously reported that mice deficient in stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (Scd1) and maintained on a very low-fat (VLF) diet for 10 days developed severe loss of body weight, hypoglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and many cholestasis-like phenotypes. To better understand the metabolic changes associated with these phenotypes, we performed microarray analysis of hepatic gene expression in chow- and ...

Chronic unilateral hemisection (HX) of the adult rat spinal cord diminishes conduction through intact fibers in the ventrolateral funiculus (VLF) contralateral to HX. This is associated with a partial loss of myelination from fibers in the VLF (Arvanian et al., 2009). Here, we again measured conduction through the VLF using electrical stimulation while recording the resulting volley and synapti...

AIMS In endothelial cells, caveolin-1 (cav-1) is known to negatively modulate the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, a key regulator of blood pressure (BP). However, the impact of genetic alteration of cav-1 on vascular nitric oxide (NO) production and BP homeostasis in vivo is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We used spectral analysis of systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability in...

[1] Ionospheric effects of energetic electron precipitation induced by controlled injection of VLF signals from a ground based transmitter are observed via subionospheric VLF remote sensing. The 21.4 kHz NPM transmitter in Lualualei, Hawaii is keyed ON-OFF in 30 minute periodic sequences. The same periodicity is observed in the amplitude and phase of the sub ionospherically propagating signals ...

[1] We present detailed observations of the onset of amplitude saturation in ELF/VLF waves generated via modulated HF heating of naturally-forming, large-scale current systems, such as the auroral electrojet. Broadband ELF/VLF measurements at a ground-based receiver located near the High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) HF transmitter in Gakona, Alaska, exhibit variations in si...

Ð The living organism is constantly affected by natural electromagnetic influences covering a wide range of frequencies and amplitudes. One of these influences, with frequencies in the very low frequency (VLF) range, (1-100 kHz) is represented by a phenomenon called VLF-atmospherics or VLF-sferics. Sferics are very short, weak, and dampened electromagnetic impulses generated by atmospheric disc...

We examined the effects of spontaneous or evoked episodes of rhythmic activity on synaptic transmission in several spinal pathways of embryonic day 9-12 chick embryos. We compared the amplitude of synaptic potentials evoked by stimulation of the ventrolateral funiculus (VLF), the dorsal or ventral roots, before and after episodes of activity. With the exception of the short-latency responses ev...

[1] In order to make best use of the opportunities provided by space missions such as the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, we determine the response of complementary subionospheric radiowave propagation measurements (VLF), riometer absorption measurements, cosmic noise absorption, and GPS-produced total electron content (vTEC) to different energetic electron precipitation (EEP). We model the relati...