X-ray flashes (XRFs) and X-ray rich gamma-ray bursts (XRGRBs) share many observational characteristics with long duration (& 2 s) GRBs, but the reason for which the spectral energy distribution of their prompt emission peaks at lower photon energies, Ep, is still a subject of debate. Although many different models have been invoked in order to explain the lower values of Ep, their implications ...

(109)Cd-based K-shell X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (hereafter, for brevity, XRF) is used, often in epidemiological studies, to perform non-invasive, in vivo measurements of lead in bone. We conducted the first interlaboratory study of XRF via the circulation of nine goat tibiæ in which the mean lead value ranged from 4.0 µg g(-1) to 55.3 µg g(-1) bone mineral. The test tibiæ were subsequentl...

BACKGROUND Transbronchial biopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions is generally performed under X-ray fluoroscopy. Virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) is a method in which virtual images of the bronchial route to the lesion are produced based on CT images obtained before VBN, and the bronchoscope is guided using these virtual images, improving the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary lesi...

This thesis uses early-time and simultaneous data from all three instruments on-board Swift to explore how the conditions of long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and their envi­ ronment affect their observed prompt and afterglow properties. I firstly analyse two long GRBs with properties that distinguish them from the more standard class of long GRB; XRF 050406 and GRB 061007. The X-Ray Flash XRF 05040...

In this paper we will introduce the general benefits of X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) for assessing the condition of the outer environment, especially where ambient aerosol particles are causing environmental disturbances. Examples from recent environmental studies are presented, and energy dispersive XRF is concluded to be a powerful, nondestructive yet easily applicable tool to supply...

Poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) is one of the few polymers approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a carrier for drug administration in humans; therefore, it is one of the most used materials in the formulation of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for therapeutic purposes. Because the cellular uptake of polymeric NPs is a hot topic in the nanomedicine field, the development of technique...

AMPTEK INC. 14 DeAngelo Drive, Bedford, MA 01730-2204 U.S.A. APPLICATIONS • X-Ray Fluorescence • Thin-film Analysis • RoHS/WEEE Analysis • Teaching and Research • Art and Archaeology • Process Control • X-ray Tube Characterization FEATURES • Fundamental parameters (FP) • Analysis with or without standards • General bulk and thin-film analysis • Analyze up to 40 elements • Supports all Amptek de...

in this work x-ray fluorescence (xrf) technique was used to evaluate the soil pollution withheavy metals for twenty four surface soil samples (0–10 cm in depth) from various locations to cover theindustrial area in omdurman city, sudan. concentrations of 10 elements cr, ni, cu, zn, zr, pb, rb, co, cd andas were determined. it was found that cr, cu and cd concentrations for almost all studied si...