Caged Aedes aegypti were exposed to a range of concentrations of d-phenothrin, d-allethrin and tetramethrin in a wind tunnel. Mortality, blood engorgement and egg production among these mosquitoes and their progeny were recorded. Tetramethrin was the most effective (LC50 of 0.0017%), followed by d-phenothrin (LC50 0.0031%) and d-allethrin (LC50 0.01%). Blood engorgement was decreased by treatme...

Anopheles aquasalis larvae are salt water tolerant, preferring concentrations between 10 and 20 parts per thousand (ppt). The larvicidal efficacy of two formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Vectobac-12AS and Bactivec), was investigated against An. aquasalis at salinities of 0, 10, and 20 ppt. A probit analysis was used to calculate the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95) f...

Two structurally related (48.6% amino acid sequence identity) peptides with cytotoxic activity against human non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were purified from the venom of the Eastern green mamba Dendroaspis angusticeps using reversed phase HPLC. The peptides were identified as members of the three-finger superfamily of snake toxins by mass fingerprinting of tryptic digests. The ...

The essential oil extracted from Piper betle L. leaf using pilot plant steam distillation was tested against the adult housefly, Musca domestica, for insecticidal activity. LC50 values at the end of 24 and 48 h exposure periods were 10.3 and 8.7 mg/dm, respectively. Ceylon citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus) used as a standard showed LC50s of 26.5 and 24.2 mg/dm for the same exposure periods. Bi...

The aim of this work was to assess the virulence of strain M379 of the fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) after different passages through a suitable host and at different concentrations for the control of both acaricide-susceptible and resistant strains of the tick, Rhipicephalus (formerly Boophilus) microplus Canestrini (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in v...

Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) is a suitable agent for controlling Chironomus kiiensis, a major pest polluting water. In this study, laboratory bioassays were used to study toxicity and affecting factors of Bti on C. kiiensis larvae. Tests were conducted using three commercial Bti formulations (oil miscible suspension, 1,200 ITU/mL; wettable power, 1,200 ITU/mg; technica...

BACKGROUND The present study was undertaken to study the larvicidal activity of different extracts of Nerium oleander leaves, and post-treatment temperature- toxicity relationship of these extracts against Culex pipiens. Further, the most potent extract was used to evaluate its biological and genotoxic activities. METHODS Crude extracts of N. oleander leaves were prepared using water, chlorof...