miR-132 is an endogenous small RNA and controls post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression via controlled degradation of mRNA or transcription inhibition. In the nervous system, miR-132 is significant for regulating neuronal differentiation, maturation and functioning, and widely participates in axon growth, neural migration, and plasticity. The miR-132 is affected by factors like mRNA ...

OBJECTIVES Redo cardiac surgery for aortic valve replacement (AVR) after previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is technically challenging and carries a high incidence of peri-operative complications. However, experience in the field continues to evolve generating reproducible, and increasingly safer results. We anticipate an increased future role for catheter-based valve procedures an...