We present our research on acquiring domain knowledge related to urban vehicular tra c by means of interaction with experts. Such knowledge is needed in knowledge discovery and data mining for approximation of complex vague concepts from the road tra c. According to perception based computing paradigm, this can be done by construction of hierarchical classi ers supported with expert knowledge. ...

In C. elegans, the zinc-finger protein TRA-1A is thought to be the final arbiter of somatic sexual identity. We show that fog-3, which is required for germ cells to become sperm rather than oocytes, is a target of TRA-1A. First, northern analyses and RT-PCR experiments indicate that expression of fog-3 is controlled by tra-1. Second, studies of double mutants show that this control could be dir...

Cellular Automaton and Kalman Filter D. Emeliyanov1;2 I. Gorbounov2;3 I. Kisel4;5 1 Institute of Control S ien es, Profsoyuznaya ul., 65, Mos ow, 117806 Russia 2 Deuts hes Elektronen-Syn hrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany 3 University of Siegen, Department of Physi s, D-57068 Siegen, Germany 4 Joint Institute for Nu lear Resear h, Dubna, Mos ow region, 141980 Russia 5 Max-P...

In wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans there are two sexes, self-fertilizing hermaphrodites (XX) and males (XO). To investigate the role of tra-1 in controlling sex determination in germline tissue, we have examined germline phenotypes of nine tra-1 loss-of-function (lf) mutations. Previous work has shown that tra-1 is needed for female somatic development as the nongonadal soma of tra-1(lf) XX mu...

Female differentiation of Drosophila germ cells is induced by cell-nonautonomous signals generated in the gonadal soma that work with germ-cell-autonomous signals determined by germ-cell X chromosome dose. Generation of the nonautonomous feminizing signals was known to involve female-specific protein encoded by the master sex-determination gene Sex-lethal (Sxl) acting on its switch-gene target ...

Tra c congestion is quite common in urban settings, and is not always caused by tra c incidents. In this paper, we propose a simple method for detecting tra c incidents by using probe-car data to compare usual and current tra c states, thereby distinguishing incidents from spontaneous congestion. First, we introduce a tra c state model based on a probabilistic topic model to describe tra c stat...

The plasma membrane glycoprotein sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is crucial for thyroid hormone biosynthesis and mediates the iodide uptake of thyrocytes. It has been shown that retinoic acid (RA) alters NIS gene expression in thyroid carcinoma lines and stimulates their iodide uptake. Here, we generated an ARO human thyroidal cancer cell line that expresses the NIS gene (ARO-NIS) and found that ...

In Drosophila melanogaster, the fruitless (fru) gene controls essentially all aspects of male courtship behavior. It does this through sex-specific alternative splicing of the fru pre-mRNA, leading to the production of male-specific fru mRNAs capable of expressing male-specific fru proteins. Sex-specific fru splicing involves the choice between alternative 5' splice sites, one used exclusively ...

preparation of tretinoin-containing microspheres with the aim of reducing undesirable skin reactions towards trans retinoic acid (tra) and thus, improving patient compliance is of particular interest. these microspheres have to be smaller than 30 m m to avoid causing gritty feel when applying on the skin, and slow the release of drug to minimize its skin side effects. following preliminary eval...

The Drosophila sex determination gene transformer-2 (tra-2) is a splicing regulator that affects the sex-specific processing of several distinct pre-mRNAs. While the tra-2 gene itself is known to produce alternative mRNAs that together encode three different TRA-2 protein isoforms, the respective roles of these isoforms in affecting individual pre-mRNA targets has remained unclear. We have gene...