近年の急速なMOSFETの微細化にともない,様々 な信頼性問題が顕在化してきている. トランジスタの 特性ばらつきはとりわけ重大な問題であり,高信頼性 が求められる集積回路において深刻な影響を及ぼす. 特性ばらつきは, 大きく静的な特性ばらつきと動的 な特性変動に分けられる [1]. 静的な特性ばらつきは, 製品の製造時にトランジスタの特性が決まり, チャネ ル部分に不純物をドーピングする際に不純物の数が ばらつく RDF (Random Dopant Fluctuation)など がその要因として挙げられる. 一方で, 動的な特性変 動の一つであるランダムテレグラフノイズ (Random Telegraph Noise: RTN)もスケーリングにともなう 問題として顕著になっている. RTNはMOSFETのゲートに電圧が印加されたと きに,ドレイン電流値が一時的に変動する現象である...

Whole cell patch-clamp recordings from GABAergic cells of thalamic reticular nucleus (RTN) in thalamocortical slices made from postnatal day 6 (P6) to 10 (P10) were used to investigate the pattern of rebound bursts (RBs) triggered by an injection of hyperpolarizing current into RTN cells. The number of RBs in the RTN and the overlying Na(+)/K(+) spikes changed in an age-dependent manner. The ge...

0026-2714/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2012.07.011 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +55 51 81002315; fax E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Wirth). A new methodology for circuit level transient simulation of Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) is proposed. The physically based methodology properly models the microscopic phenomena involved in RTN, includ...

The retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) is a group of neurons in the rostral medulla, defined here as Phox2b-, Vglut2-, neurokinin1 receptor-, and Atoh1-expressing cells in the parafacial region, which have been proposed to function both as generators of respiratory rhythm and as central respiratory chemoreceptors. The present study was undertaken to assess these two putative functions using genetic t...

INTRODUCTION The relationship between sleep spindles and spike-wave discharges (SWDs) can be called classical. It was found in humans that in more than 90% of cases studied SWDs occurred in the spindle stage of sleep. Next, sleep spindles could be transformed into SWDs after an injection with penicillin in cats, and benzodiazepines and barbiturates suppress SWDs and enhance sleep spindles while...

Stabilized reverse twisted nematic liquid crystal devices (RTN-LCDs) were fabricated using formation of a polymer matrix under UV irradiation with an applied voltage (sustain voltage) in the vicinity alignment layers. In absence voltage, non-stabilized RTN structure gradually returns to splay twist structure. The sustain was decreased increase temperature. A stabilized long-pitch supertwisted (...

We investigate a synchronous circuit reliability for 65nm−40nm CMOS technology. The impact of Random telegraph noise (RTN) and Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) on a circuit is evaluated. We found two things. (i) RTN at one or a few stages of a combinational circuit induces a large delay fluctuation under low voltage operation. (ii) LSI lifetime can be extended by utilizing NBTI reco...

Fast spiking (FS), GABAergic neurons of the reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN) are capable of firing high-frequency trains of brief action potentials, with little adaptation. Studies in recombinant systems have shown that high-voltage-activated K(+) channels containing the Kv3.1 and/or Kv3.2 subunits display biophysical properties that may contribute to the FS phenotype. Given that RTN expresses ...

Inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) mediated by GABA(A) receptors are much slower in neurons of the thalamic reticular nucleus (RTN) versus those in the ventrobasal complex (VB) of young rats. Here we confirm and extend those findings regarding GABA(A) response heterogeneity especially in relation to development. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings were used to investigate GABA(A) spontaneou...

Random telegraph noise (RTN) is a phenomenon that is considered to limit the reliability and performance of circuits using advanced devices. The time constants of carrier capture and emission and the associated change in the threshold voltage are important parameters commonly included in various models, but their extraction from time-domain observations has been a difficult task. In this study,...